Cultural and Genetic Influences on Individual Well-Being in Urban Brazil

文化和遗传对巴西城市个人福祉的影响

• 批准号: 1026429
• 负责人: William Dressler
• 金额: $ 28万
• 依托单位: University of Alabama Tuscaloosa
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-10-01 至 2014-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1026429&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Cultural; Genetic; Influences; Individual; Well

Dr. William W. Dressler (University of Alabama), Dr. Mauro C. Balieiro (Paulista University), and Dr. José Ernesto dos Santos (University of São Paulo) will undertake research on how genotype and culture interact to affect individual psychological well-being, as assessed by depressed mood. A variety of genes are thought to influence mood states, but these genes do not simply determine mood. Rather, these genes appear to interact with and modify experience in the social environment. Culture, in the form of shared models of everyday life, defines the nature of experience in the social environment. Cultural consonance is the degree to which individuals approximate, in their own beliefs and behaviors, the prototypes for belief and behavior encoded in cultural models. Higher cultural consonance in a number of different cultural domains is associated with more positive mood. This research will examine how the effect of cultural consonance on depressed mood changes in the presence of different genetic polymorphisms for two genes in the serotonin system (the serotonin transmitter gene and the 2A receptor gene). It is hypothesized that specific variants of these genes act as amplifiers of experience; when an individual has one or both of these variants, the effect of cultural consonance will be larger. The research will be conducted in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, a city of 500,000 people in the north of the state of São Paulo. Using a mixed-methods research design, cultural model in various domains (lifestyles, social support, family life) will be investigated and measures of cultural consonance will be derived from these analyses. In a survey of 600 persons selected from a stratified random sample of the community, data on cultural consonance, depressive symptoms, and genotype will be collected (along with sociodemographic variables and alternative explanatory variables). Data analysis will determine if the effect of cultural consonance is modified by genotype.This research will help to answer very important questions about the relative influences of genes and culture in determining individual well-being. It will contribute significantly to a further biocultural synthesis and to promoting international research collaboration.

的Dr. William W. Dressler（亚拉巴马大学），Mauro C.巴利什（保利斯塔大学）和何塞·埃内斯托·多斯桑托斯博士（圣保罗大学）将进行基因型和文化如何相互作用影响个人心理健康的研究，通过抑郁情绪进行评估。许多基因被认为会影响情绪状态，但这些基因并不仅仅决定情绪。相反，这些基因似乎与社会环境中的经验相互作用并修改这些经验。文化以日常生活的共同模式的形式定义了社会环境中经验的性质。文化一致性是个体在其信仰和行为中与文化模式中的信仰和行为原型的近似程度。在许多不同的文化领域中，较高的文化和谐与更积极的情绪有关。本研究将探讨在5-羟色胺系统中两个基因（5-羟色胺递质基因和2A受体基因）存在不同遗传多态性的情况下，文化和谐对抑郁情绪的影响如何变化。据推测，这些基因的特定变体充当了经验的放大器;当一个人拥有这些变体中的一个或两个时，文化和谐的影响会更大。这项研究将在巴西圣保罗州北部的Ribeirão Preto进行，这是一个拥有50万人口的城市。使用混合方法的研究设计，在各个领域（生活方式，社会支持，家庭生活）的文化模式将进行调查和文化和谐的措施将来自这些分析。从社区分层随机抽样中选择600人进行调查，收集关于文化和谐、抑郁症状和基因型的数据（沿着社会人口学变量和其他解释变量）。数据分析将确定文化和谐的影响是否会受到基因型的影响，这项研究将有助于回答基因和文化在决定个体幸福感方面的相对影响这一非常重要的问题。它将大大有助于进一步的生物文化综合和促进国际研究合作。