Doctoral Dissertation Research: Toxic Chemicals, Environmental Organizations, and the Governance of Science and Technology in the EU and the US: the Case of Nanotechnology

博士论文研究：有毒化学品、环境组织以及欧盟和美国的科技治理：以纳米技术为例

• 批准号: 1027074
• 负责人: Abby Kinchy
• 金额: $ 1.5万
• 依托单位: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1027074&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Toxic; Chemicals

Toxic Chemicals, Environmental Organizations, and the Governance of Science and Technology in the EU and the US: the Case of NanotechnologyA.Kinchy & A. Lamprou, RPIIntellectual meritHow do differences between United States and European Union approaches to regulating toxic chemicals affect the role that environmental organizations play in the governance of nanotechnology? Since 2008, there have been intense discussions in both governments about reforming the existing regulatory frameworks for toxic chemicals to include nanomaterials. In both continents, environmental advocacy organizations have acquired a place in panels and committees addressing the topic of nanotechnology regulation. However, key differences between the two political cultures affect the ways that environmental organizations participate, generating different opportunities to incorporate their perspectives into the policy process. This project aims to identify and understand those different modes of participation and their implications for improving the governance of toxic chemicals. Two main research questions drive this study: (1) How are the governance structures and the organization of the political cultures of the US and EU expressed in the discussion and development of policies for nanotechnology and chemical regulation? (2) What are the differences in political participation, including the relative role of deliberative institutions and environmental organizations? These questions will be answered using a combination of qualitative research methods. Interviews will be conducted with representatives of various policy bodies and environmental organizations both in the EU and the US. Participant observation will be conducted in meetings, panels, and conferences. In addition, formal policy documents and environmental organizations? reports, official web pages and blogs will be analyzed. Broader ImpactThe proposed study will provide a valuable comparative perspective for the multiple stakeholders involved in nanotechnology regulatory policy, and will be an important point of reference for discussions of regulatory harmonization development. More generally, the study will advance deliberations regarding public participation in regulatory policy development and reform for both new technologies and existing chemicals.

欧盟和美国的有毒化学品、环境组织和科学技术治理：纳米技术的案例A Kinchy&Amp；A Lamprou，RPI知识产权价值美国和欧盟在管制有毒化学品的方法上的差异如何影响环境组织在纳米技术治理中所发挥的作用？自2008年以来，两国政府就改革现有的有毒化学品监管框架，将纳米材料纳入其中展开了激烈的讨论。在这两个大陆，环境倡导组织在讨论纳米技术监管问题的小组和委员会中获得了一席之地。然而，两种政治文化之间的主要差异影响了环境组织参与的方式，产生了将其观点纳入政策进程的不同机会。该项目旨在确定和了解这些不同的参与模式及其对改善有毒化学品治理的影响。推动这项研究的两个主要研究问题：(1)在纳米技术和化学品监管政策的讨论和发展中，美国和欧盟的治理结构和政治文化的组织是如何表达的？(2)在政治参与方面，包括审议机构和环境组织的相对作用，有什么不同？这些问题将使用定性研究方法相结合的方法来回答。将与欧盟和美国的各种政策机构和环境组织的代表进行面谈。参与者观察将在会议、小组和会议中进行。此外，正式的政策文件和环境组织？将对报告、官方网页和博客进行分析。更广泛的影响拟议的研究将为参与纳米技术监管政策的多个利益攸关方提供宝贵的比较视角，并将成为讨论监管协调发展的重要参照点。更广泛地说，这项研究将推动关于公众参与新技术和现有化学品的监管政策制定和改革的审议。