Postdoctoral Fellowship: Desensitizing Trauma Sufferers

博士后奖学金:使创伤患者脱敏

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1027431
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 12.02万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2010-10-01 至 2012-09-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Scandals in the U.S. about the treatment of traumatized soldiers have alerted the American public to the pervasiveness of war suffering. In response, some medical practitioners, who refer to themselves as "virtual healers" in the U.S.; have pioneered "Virtual Reality Exposure" therapy (VRE). In VRE, a person wears a headset that projects hi-definition visuals surround sound, and smells that approximate the particular war event that haunts his or her daily life. Using VR, clinicians are experimenting with haptics, to virtually expose and desensitize trauma sufferers to distressing scenarios within the apparent safety of virtual worlds. If Freudian psychoanalysis provided a way to see the self as individual and interior, VR exposure therapies are a kind of prosthetic that reconfigures the self as an out of body experience and a site for virtual exposure. Postdoctoral fellow Emily Cohen will ask: In what ways does VR exposure introduce new configurations of the self and what are the social implications of this new self?Cohen will conduct ethnographic research and train in haptics at the VR Medical Center in San Diego, California. Her research methods include shadowing designers and clinicians, videotaping daily activities, conducting in-depth interviews, and volunteering for clinical trials. Cohen will develop a new research method she calls "prototyping," a term used among VR designers. A prototype combines the most representative attributes of a category or thing. Using theories developed in Gestalt psychology, Cohen will sketch drawings representing a prototypic model of what she has learned about VRE and then ask designers to correct it. By asking VR designers to correct and complete her drawings, Cohen will learn how designers construct virtual realities.Cohen's research contributes to a social theory of human/technology interfaces and informs public policy on the social implications of VRE in U.S. wartime medicine. Her work contributes to medical anthropology and science and technology studies. This research will have wide dissemination through an installation/documentary film exhibit.
美国发生的关于创伤士兵待遇的丑闻提醒美国公众注意战争痛苦的普遍性。作为回应,一些在美国自称为“虚拟治疗师”的医生;虚拟现实暴露疗法(Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy,VRE)在VRE中,一个人戴着一个耳机,可以投射出高清的视觉效果和环绕声,并闻到接近他或她日常生活中发生的特定战争事件的气味。使用VR,临床医生正在试验触觉,在虚拟世界的表面安全范围内,虚拟地暴露创伤患者并使其对痛苦场景脱敏。如果弗洛伊德的精神分析提供了一种将自我视为个体和内在的方法,那么VR暴露疗法就是一种假体,它将自我重新配置为一种身体外的体验和虚拟暴露的场所。博士后研究员艾米丽科恩会问:虚拟现实曝光以什么方式引入了自我的新配置,这种新自我的社会意义是什么?科恩将在加州圣地亚哥的VR医疗中心进行人种学研究和触觉培训。她的研究方法包括跟踪设计师和临床医生,拍摄日常活动,进行深入访谈,并自愿参加临床试验。科恩将开发一种新的研究方法,她称之为“原型”,这是VR设计师使用的术语。原型组合了一个类别或事物的最具代表性的属性。使用完形心理学的理论,科恩将绘制代表她所了解的VRE原型模型的草图,然后要求设计师对其进行修改。通过要求VR设计师修改并完成她的图纸,科恩将学习设计师如何构建虚拟现实。科恩的研究有助于人类社会理论,技术接口,并告知公共政策的社会影响的VRE在美国战时医学。她的工作有助于医学人类学和科学技术研究。这项研究将通过装置/纪录片展览广泛传播。

项目成果

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Lesley Sharp其他文献

Lesley Sharp的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Lesley Sharp', 18)}}的其他基金

Doctoral Dissertation Research: Bone Marrow Transplant Practices for Children with Sickle Cell Disease in the United States and France
博士论文研究:美国和法国镰状细胞病儿童的骨髓移植实践
  • 批准号:
    1225926
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.02万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Dissertation Research: Translating Diagnoses Across Cultures: Expertise, Autism, and Therapeutics of the Self in Morocco
论文研究:跨文化翻译诊断:摩洛哥的专业知识、自闭症和自我治疗
  • 批准号:
    1123214
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.02万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Research: "Healing Hearts and Training Minds" in El Salvador: Pediatric Heart Surgery Missions and Globally Circulating Biotechnologies
博士论文研究:萨尔瓦多的“治愈心灵和训练思想”:小儿心脏手术任务和全球流通的生物技术
  • 批准号:
    1026733
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.02万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
From Animal to Artifice: An Ethnographic Investigation of Scientific Research in the Experimental Realm of Human Organ Replacement
从动物到人工:人体器官替代实验领域科学研究的人种学调查
  • 批准号:
    0750897
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.02万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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