Doctoral Dissertation Improvement: Paternal Kinship in Olive Baboons (Papio hamadryas anubis)

博士论文改进：橄榄狒狒（Papio hamadryas anubis）的父系亲属关系

• 批准号: 1028750
• 负责人: Ryne Palombit
• 金额: $ 2万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1028750&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Paternal; Kinship

Evolutionary biologists have long argued that kinship was central to early human social groups, whereby relationships with relatives guided social interactions. Comparative studies of nonhuman primates have elucidated the adaptive significance of kinship. Such research has focused predominantly on maternal relatives, partly because many monkey groups are organized around matrilines of philopatric females, and partly because maternal relatedness is readily assigned through long-term observations of births. Certainly, however, individuals may be related through males too, but this phenomenon and its implications have been neglected due to the demands of determining paternal relatedness via direct genetic analysis. Recently developed noninvasive DNA sampling and population genotyping techniques now allow testing of hypotheses about the importance of paternal kinship. Through synthesizing behavioral and genetic data, this research addresses questions such as: 1) How do social interactions vary among paternal kin, compared to maternal relatives in a matrilocal society? (2) What benefits are gained through associating with paternal kin? and 3) What mechanism allows individuals to identify paternal kin? An 18-month field study conducted on two groups of olive baboons (Papio hamadryas anubis) in Kenya will address these questions. Behavioral data are gathered via focal animal sampling, and genetic relatedness is determined via non-invasive fecal sampling. In addition to advancing our understanding of paternal kinship, this research contributes to broader educational and scientific initiatives in two ways. First, while abroad, the investigator is collaborating with the local elementary school to develop a series of lessons to help educate local Kenyan youth about local ecology and wildlife from a scientist's perspective. Second, she works closely with the Laikipia Wildlife Forum (an organization which prioritizes conservation endeavors in the proposed study area), providing information on local wildlife and ecology, as well as maintaining positive relations with the local communities.

进化生物学家长期以来一直认为，亲属关系是早期人类社会群体的核心，与亲属的关系指导着社会互动。 对非人灵长类动物的比较研究已经阐明了亲属关系的适应意义。这种研究主要集中在母系亲属上，部分原因是许多猴群都是围绕着亲母猴的母系组织起来的，部分原因是通过对出生的长期观察，很容易确定母系亲属关系。当然，个体也可能通过雄性而有亲缘关系，但由于需要通过直接的遗传分析来确定父系亲缘关系，这种现象及其影响一直被忽视。最近开发的非侵入性DNA采样和人口基因分型技术，现在允许测试的假设的重要性，父系亲属关系。通过综合行为和遗传数据，本研究解决了以下问题：1）在母系社会中，父系亲属与母系亲属之间的社会互动如何变化？(2)与父系亲属交往有什么好处？3）什么机制允许个体识别父系亲属？对肯尼亚两组橄榄狒狒（Papio hamadryas anubis）进行了为期18个月的实地研究，将解决这些问题。通过焦点动物采样收集行为数据，并通过非侵入性粪便采样确定遗传相关性。 除了促进我们对父系亲属关系的理解外，这项研究还以两种方式为更广泛的教育和科学举措做出了贡献。首先，在国外，调查员正在与当地小学合作，制定一系列课程，帮助从科学家的角度教育肯尼亚当地青年了解当地生态和野生动物。其次，她与莱基皮亚野生动物论坛（一个优先考虑拟议研究区域的保护工作的组织）密切合作，提供有关当地野生动物和生态的信息，并与当地社区保持积极的关系。