Doctoral Dissertation Research: Choice, Control, and Discrimination

斯坦福大学的研究表明，人们会对那些被认为是在个人控制范围内的不良事件和特征进行责任和道德判断。也就是说，如果我们认为人们选择了一条导致不幸的生活环境的道路，例如疾病和贫困，那么我们更有可能认为他们对自己的状况负责，从而判断他们，拒绝他们，不喜欢他们，消极地对待他们。但是，责任分配、道德判断和耻辱感对社会结构的影响是什么？它们是否影响歧视和不平等？虽然社会心理学家记录了与选择和可控性观念相关的负面反应，但这些反应与对那些被认为做出这些选择的人的歧视之间的关系尚未得到学者的关注。本研究旨在探讨基于选择的歧视现象.该研究预测，一种情况的感知是可控的，会产生对那些被认为是选择了它的人的歧视。研究的第一个组成部分是从数量上分析与母亲作为妇女的一种选择的观念有关的母亲工资惩罚。第二个组成部分是一个招聘实验，在这个实验中，使用同性恋、肥胖和母亲身份的例子，评估了选择观念和歧视之间的关系。第三个组成部分是定性分析，通过与雇主面谈，了解如何将选择、责任和歧视之间的关系概念化。更广泛的影响：研究结果将为关于歧视的一般文献作出贡献。本项目研究了以前没有研究过的劳动力中基于选择的歧视。研究结果可能有助于我们了解选择和可控性的看法可能会导致对那些被认为有歧视？选择？母性肥胖和同性恋

SES-1029479Shelley CorrellTamar Kricheli-Katz Stanford UniversityResearch suggests that people assign responsibility and moral judgments to undesirable events and traits that are believed to be within the control of individuals. That is, if we perceive that people have chosen a path that has led to unfortunate life circumstances, e.g. illness and poverty, then we are more likely to view them as responsible for their condition, and thus to judge them, reject them, dislike them and treat them negatively. But what are the consequences of assigned responsibility, moral judgment and stigma for the social structure? Do they affect discrimination and inequality? While the negative reactions associated with the perceptions of choice and controllability were documented by social psychologists, the relationship between such reactions and discrimination against those who are perceived to have made these choices, has not been addressed by scholars. This research studies the phenomenon of choice- based discrimination. The study predicts that the perception of a situation as controllable generates discrimination against those who are perceived to have chosen it. The co-investigator studies this hypothesis using a mixed method research design. The first component of the research is a quantitative analysis of the motherhood wage penalties associated with the perception of motherhood as a choice women have. The second component is a hiring experiment in which the relationship between the perception of choice and discrimination is assessed, using the examples of homosexuality, obesity and motherhood. The third component is a qualitative analysis where employers are interviewed in an effort to learn about the ways in which the relationships among choice, responsibility and discrimination are conceptualized. Broader Impacts: Research findings will contribute to the general literature on discrimination. This project examines a choice-based discrimination at the labor force that has not been studied before. Findings could potentially help us to understand how perceptions of choice and controllability may lead to discrimination against those who are perceived to have ?chosen? motherhood, obesity and homosexuality.