Doctoral Dissertation Research: Choice, Control, and Discrimination

斯坦福大学的研究表明，人们将责任和道德判断分配给那些被认为是在个人控制范围内的不受欢迎的事件和特征。也就是说，如果我们认为人们选择的道路导致了不幸的生活环境，例如疾病和贫穷，那么我们更有可能认为他们对自己的状况负责，从而评判他们，拒绝他们，不喜欢他们，消极地对待他们。但是，分配责任、道德判断和耻辱对社会结构的影响是什么呢？它们会影响歧视和不平等吗？虽然社会心理学家记录了与选择和可控性观念相关的负面反应，但学者们并没有解决这种反应与对那些被认为做出这些选择的人的歧视之间的关系。本文主要研究基于选择的歧视现象。该研究预测，认为一种情况是可控的，会对那些被认为是选择了这种情况的人产生歧视。共同研究者使用混合方法研究设计来研究这一假设。该研究的第一个组成部分是对母亲工资惩罚的定量分析，这与母亲作为一种选择的看法有关。第二个部分是一个招聘实验，在这个实验中，选择感知和歧视之间的关系被评估，使用同性恋、肥胖和母亲的例子。第三个组成部分是定性分析，其中雇主接受采访，努力了解选择，责任和歧视之间的关系是概念化的方式。更广泛的影响：研究结果将有助于有关歧视的一般文献。该项目研究了劳动力中基于选择的歧视，这是以前从未研究过的。研究结果可能有助于我们理解选择和可控性的观念是如何导致对那些被认为有选择的人的歧视的。母性、肥胖和同性恋。

SES-1029479Shelley CorrellTamar Kricheli-Katz Stanford UniversityResearch suggests that people assign responsibility and moral judgments to undesirable events and traits that are believed to be within the control of individuals. That is, if we perceive that people have chosen a path that has led to unfortunate life circumstances, e.g. illness and poverty, then we are more likely to view them as responsible for their condition, and thus to judge them, reject them, dislike them and treat them negatively. But what are the consequences of assigned responsibility, moral judgment and stigma for the social structure? Do they affect discrimination and inequality? While the negative reactions associated with the perceptions of choice and controllability were documented by social psychologists, the relationship between such reactions and discrimination against those who are perceived to have made these choices, has not been addressed by scholars. This research studies the phenomenon of choice- based discrimination. The study predicts that the perception of a situation as controllable generates discrimination against those who are perceived to have chosen it. The co-investigator studies this hypothesis using a mixed method research design. The first component of the research is a quantitative analysis of the motherhood wage penalties associated with the perception of motherhood as a choice women have. The second component is a hiring experiment in which the relationship between the perception of choice and discrimination is assessed, using the examples of homosexuality, obesity and motherhood. The third component is a qualitative analysis where employers are interviewed in an effort to learn about the ways in which the relationships among choice, responsibility and discrimination are conceptualized. Broader Impacts: Research findings will contribute to the general literature on discrimination. This project examines a choice-based discrimination at the labor force that has not been studied before. Findings could potentially help us to understand how perceptions of choice and controllability may lead to discrimination against those who are perceived to have ?chosen? motherhood, obesity and homosexuality.