Doctoral Dissertation Research: Family Structure and Infant Health Outcomes

博士论文研究：家庭结构和婴儿健康结果

• 批准号: 1030468
• 负责人: Alan Booth
• 金额: $ 1万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1030468&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Family; Structure

SES-1020468Alan BoothJennifer Buher KanePennsylvania State University, University ParkProviding insights into how to improve infant health outcomes is an important goal of health disparities research given that conditions such as preterm birth and low birth weight often contribute to poorer physical and cognitive outcomes later. Prior research has shown that poor infant health outcomes are not randomly distributed in the population; thus, social stratification processes likely play a central role in explaining differential incidence and risk factors. This dissertation studies how such inequalities are produced and reproduced through interactions between individuals and social structures such as families and neighborhoods. More specifically, this study investigates (1) the social processes that underlie the marital disparity in infant health outcomes, (2) the role of social resources (at the individual- and neighborhood-level) in attenuating the risk of poor infant health outcomes, and (3) the intergenerational processes that explain mother-daughter similarities in infant health outcomes. To address these goals, this study will employ advanced quantitative analytic techniques using multiple secondary data sources including the newly released National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG Cycle 7), (restricted-access) spatially located data from the NSFG (which will be performed onsite at the National Center for Health Statistics in Hyattsville, Maryland), the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) 1979 cohort, and the Children of the NLSY79.Broader Impacts: This project, using theoretically-motivated empirical research, presents a unique opportunity to expand the health disparities and family sociology literatures by providing insights into how persistent infant health disparities in the U.S. are produced and reproduced. Research findings will be made available through publishing in peer-reviewed journals, and sharing with policymakers and practitioners via conference presentations (particularly within interdisciplinary venues).

宾夕法尼亚州立大学帕克分校提供如何改善婴儿健康结果的见解是健康差异研究的一个重要目标，因为早产和低出生体重等情况通常会导致后来较差的身体和认知结果。先前的研究表明，婴儿健康状况不佳在人群中不是随机分布的；因此，社会分层过程可能在解释不同的发病率和风险因素方面发挥核心作用。本文研究了这种不平等是如何通过个人和社会结构（如家庭和社区）之间的相互作用产生和再现的。更具体地说，本研究探讨了(1)导致婴儿健康结果的婚姻差异的社会过程，(2)社会资源（在个人和社区层面）在降低婴儿健康结果不良风险中的作用，以及(3)解释母亲和女儿在婴儿健康结果上相似的代际过程。为了实现这些目标，本研究将采用先进的定量分析技术，使用多种二手数据来源，包括新发布的全国家庭成长调查（NSFG周期7），（限制访问的）来自NSFG的空间定位数据（将在马里兰州Hyattsville的国家卫生统计中心现场进行），1979年全国青年纵向调查（NLSY）队列和NLSY79的儿童。更广泛的影响：本项目采用理论动机的实证研究，提供了一个独特的机会，通过深入了解美国持续存在的婴儿健康差异是如何产生和再现的，来扩大健康差异和家庭社会学文献。研究成果将通过在同行评议的期刊上发表以及通过会议报告（特别是在跨学科场所）与决策者和实践者分享的方式提供。