Doctoral Dissertation Research: Violence and Educational Outcomes

博士论文研究：暴力与教育成果

• 批准号: 1030978
• 负责人: Jeremy Freese
• 金额: $ 1万
• 依托单位: Northwestern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-15 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1030978&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Violence; Educational

SES-1030978 Jeremy Freese Robert VargasNorthwestern University How does neighborhood violence impact the educational outcomes of youth? This dissertation will examine how victimization and exposure to neighborhood violence is associated with the GPA (grade point average) attendance record, social network composition, participation in community organizations, and attitudes toward schooling among high school students in a pre-dominantly Mexican immigrant neighborhood in Chicago. Building upon two years of ethnographic research with community organizations, youth, and the two major gangs in the neighborhood, the co-PI will conduct a household survey of neighborhood youth. In total, a random sample of a total of 540 households within 60 blocks in the neighborhood will be surveyed: 40 blocks within the two gang territories (20 in each), and 20 blocks nearest to the street that divides the two gang territories. While previous research has documented how violence can explain variation in adolescent outcomes between neighborhoods, it is widely acknowledged that most variation in adolescent outcomes lies within neighborhoods. This mixed method neighborhood case study will contribute to our understanding of violence as a mechanism of neighborhood effects, as well as sociological theories on the connection between micro and macro processes. Policies aimed at curbing neighborhood violence typically involve increased surveillance and security, as well as interventions at school through various forms of programming. By studying how neighborhood violence is associated with the educational outcomes of youth, this study might encourage education policymakers to focus on neighborhood violence prevention as an element of school reform. This research may also bring attention to the impact of neighborhood violence and policing in immigrant communities with large undocumented populations. While, generally, immigrant communities have been shown to have low levels of violence and crime, these numbers may be underestimated for communities with undocumented populations. This dissertation may shed light on how violence has a unique consequence for undocumented adolescents or adolescents with undocumented family members.

SES-1030978杰里米·弗里斯·罗伯特·巴尔加斯西北大学邻里暴力如何影响青年的教育成果？ 本论文将探讨如何受害和接触邻里暴力与GPA（平均成绩）出勤记录，社会网络组成，参与社区组织，并对高中学生在芝加哥的一个占主导地位的墨西哥移民社区上学的态度。 在与社区组织、青年和附近两个主要帮派进行两年人种学研究的基础上，共同PI将对附近的青年进行家庭调查。 总的来说，将对附近60个街区内的540户家庭进行随机抽样调查：两个帮派领地内的40个街区（每个20个），以及距离划分两个帮派领地的街道最近的20个街区。 虽然以前的研究已经记录了暴力如何解释社区之间青少年结果的变化，但人们普遍认为，青少年结果的大多数变化都存在于社区内部。 这种混合方法的邻里个案研究将有助于我们理解暴力作为邻里效应的机制，以及微观和宏观过程之间的联系的社会学理论。旨在遏制邻里暴力的政策通常涉及加强监视和安全，以及通过各种形式的方案在学校进行干预。 通过研究邻里暴力如何与青年的教育成果相关联，这项研究可能会鼓励教育政策制定者把预防邻里暴力作为学校改革的一个要素。 这项研究也可能引起人们对邻里暴力和治安在移民社区与大量无证人口的影响。 虽然一般而言，移民社区的暴力和犯罪水平较低，但对于无证人口的社区来说，这些数字可能被低估了。 这篇论文可能揭示暴力如何对无证青少年或无证家庭成员的青少年产生独特的后果。