Collaborative Research: Experimental and Computational Studies of Turbulence-Chemistry Interactions in Counter-Flow Flames as a Laboratory-Scale Benchmark for Practical Systems

合作研究：1033204戈麦斯1033246波普智力优点：发展的流体动力学和实际燃烧装置中的化学反应的复杂相互作用的理解是燃烧系统的发展具有根本的重要性。实现这一目标将有助于开发此类系统预测建模所需的工具。为了使建模可靠，使用广泛的实验数据库进行系统验证是必不可少的-对于这项任务，实用且不可避免地复杂的配置并不像简单，定义明确的实验室火焰那样适合。PI建议高度湍流逆流火焰（TCF）作为这种类型的系统实验和建模的基准配置。它们提供了显著的优点，例如：在高雷诺数下没有飞行员的火焰稳定;紧凑性，对于高分辨率计算具有显著优势;以及多功能性，能够访问广泛的燃烧状态，特别是那些与工业相关的燃烧状态。这项研究是耶鲁大学和康奈尔大学之间的合作，并与桑迪亚国家实验室进一步合作。TCF的一系列实验，在非预混和预混模式下运行，将在耶鲁大学和桑迪亚大学进行，同时在康奈尔大学，同样的火焰将处理计算使用PDF和LES-PDF方法。这项研究的主要贡献是：（i）提供定性的理解和定量数据的TCFs在重要的，但很少探索的燃烧制度;（ii）确定和演示的PDF和LES-PDF方法的能力，准确地模拟TCFs在不同的制度，并改善必要的子模型。(iii)为TCF提供必要的理解和数据，使其成为湍流燃烧模型开发和测试的有价值基准。更广泛的影响：理解湍流燃烧对发电和推进非常重要。这对环境污染和遵守法规限制也很重要。拟议的活动将提供一个高质量的数据库，包括明确界定的边界条件。这将在网络上提供给燃烧社区，以便在正在进行的国际合作框架内进一步建模，例如桑迪亚赞助的湍流非预混火焰研讨会。耶鲁大学的PI为女学生、获奖研究生和高中生提供建议。他还培训了当地的学校教师，以开发以能源为重点的K-12课程单元。 他将继续开展这些活动，并将其纳入项目。康奈尔大学的PI在招聘女性博士方面有着良好的记录。学生并将他的研究成果转移到工业界。本科生将接触到实验简单的项目，如流动可视化和各种燃烧制度的现象学证据。

Collaborative Research:1033204 Gomez1033246PopeIntellectual Merit: Developing an understanding of the complex interaction of fluid dynamics and chemical reactions in practical combustion devices is of fundamental importance for the development of combustion systems. Achieving this goal will assist in the development of the tools required for predictive modeling of such systems. For modeling to be reliable, systematic validation with an extensive experimental database is indispensable - a task for which practical, and inevitably complex, configurations are not as well suited as simple, well-defined laboratory flames. The PIs propose highly turbulent counterflow flames (TCFs) as a benchmark configuration for this type of systematic experimentation and modeling. They offer significant advantages, such as: flame stabilization without a pilot at high Reynolds numbers; compactness, with significant advantages for highly resolved computations; and versatility, with the ability to access a broad range of combustion regimes, especially those of industrial relevance. This research is collaboration between Yale and Cornell with further collaboration with Sandia National Labs. A series of experiments on TCFs, operating in both non-premixed and premixed modes, will be performed at Yale and at Sandia; simultaneously at Cornell, the same flames will be tackled computationally using the PDF and the LES-PDF methodologies. The principal contributions made by this research will be: (i) Providing qualitative understanding and quantitative data of TCFs in important but little-explored combustion regimes; (ii) Determining and demonstrating the capabilities of the PDF and LES-PDF methods to model accurately the TCFs in different regimes, and improving the sub-models as necessary. (iii) Providing the understanding and data necessary for TCFs to be a valuable benchmark for the development and testing of turbulent combustion models.Broader Impact: Understanding turbulent combustion is important for power generation and propulsion. It is also important for environmental pollution and compliance with regulatory restrictions. The proposed activity will provide a high quality database, including well characterized boundary conditions. This will be made available on the web to the combustion community for further modeling within the framework of ongoing international collaborations, such as the Sandia-sponsored Turbulent Nonpremixed Flames Workshop.The proposed research will be accompanied with teaching and outreach activities. The PI at Yale has advised female students, award winning graduate students and high school students. He has also trained local schoolteachers in the development of K-12 curricular units focused on energy. He will continue to pursue these activities and integrate them with the project. The Cornell PI has a good track record of recruiting women Ph.D. students and transferring the fruits of his research to industry. Undergraduate students will be exposed to experimentally simple projects, such as flow visualization and phenomenological evidence of various burning regimes.