Competitive Equilibrium Nucleic Acid Biosensor

竞争平衡核酸生物传感器

• 批准号: 1033788
• 负责人: Kenneth Breslauer
• 金额: $ 35万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-15 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1033788&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Competitive; Equilibrium; Nucleic; Acid; Biosensor

While there are many methods and devices for detection of nucleic acids in vitro and in vivo, no general solution has emerged that provides simple, rapid, nucleotide sequence selective quantification of nucleic acids. A highly sensitive, highly selective nucleic acid biosensor based on a competitive equilibrium between a probe and a target nucleic acid in conjunction with a newly developed instrument will be developed. The nucleic acid biosensor, founded on a novel thermodynamic formalism for describing the interactions of a duplex probe with its target, provides means for sensitive, highly selective quantification of the target. Successful development of the competitive equilibrium nucleic acid biosensor will provide scientists with the means to detect and quantify, at high sensitivity, any nucleic acid with single base nucleotide sequence selectivity. Further development of sensitive and highly specific nucleic acid biosensors is critical for fully exploiting the rich genomic information resulting from the sequencing of the genomes of myriad microorganisms, plants and animals, including humans. In addition, recent discoveries about the regulation of gene expression by small ribonucleic acid molecules operating at the level of messenger RNA have vastly increased the number and variety of nucleic acids that must be identified, detected and quantified if one is to understand, and potentially modulate, a range of critical biological processes; including, but not limited to development, apoptosis, stress response and differentiation. The nucleic acid biosensor developed here will yield the requisite experimental capacity to detect and characterize biological targets for diagnostic applications, as well as for basic knowledge/understanding of biological regulatory mechanisms.

虽然存在许多用于体外和体内检测核酸的方法和装置，但是还没有出现提供核酸的简单、快速、核苷酸序列选择性定量的通用解决方案。 将开发基于探针和靶核酸之间的竞争平衡的高灵敏度、高选择性的核酸生物传感器以及新开发的仪器。核酸生物传感器，建立在一个新的热力学形式主义描述的双链体探针与其目标的相互作用，提供了灵敏的，高选择性的量化目标的手段。竞争平衡核酸生物传感器的成功开发将为科学家提供以高灵敏度检测和定量任何具有单碱基核苷酸序列选择性的核酸的手段。 进一步开发灵敏和高度特异性的核酸生物传感器对于充分利用由无数微生物、植物和动物（包括人类）的基因组测序产生的丰富的基因组信息至关重要。此外，最近关于通过在信使RNA水平上操作的小核糖核酸分子调节基因表达的发现极大地增加了必须被鉴定、检测和定量的核酸的数量和种类，如果要理解和潜在地调节一系列关键生物过程，包括但不限于发育、凋亡、应激反应和分化。在这里开发的核酸生物传感器将产生必要的实验能力，以检测和表征用于诊断应用的生物靶标，以及用于生物调控机制的基本知识/理解。