Precision Atmospheric Marine Boundary Layer Experiment (PREAMBLE)

现场项目将于2011年5月20日至6月20日在加利福尼亚州的Point Conception附近进行。本野外实验的根本目的是直接测量海洋大气边界层内风场的动力强迫。这项研究将重点关注与夏季在加州海岸常见的偏北低空海岸急流有关的动力学。由于在强北风（因此可能难以模拟）的界面上发生了许多潜在的非线性相互作用，沿岸风与加利福尼亚湾内的气旋环流，因此有必要对该地区的气象变量进行直接测量，以确定MABL的重要组成部分及其相互作用。如果卡塔琳娜涡旋和/或海岸困风反转发生，将进行专门的飞行来探索与这些事件相关的动力学和热力学。知识价值。怀俄明大学的空中国王飞机（UWKA）将被部署在加利福尼亚海岸，这已经在以前的研究项目中使用过。计划总共飞行50小时。该项目将建立在最近开发的机载技术的基础上，该技术可以使用机载平台的GPS高度差校正来检测小的水平压力信号。这样的测量将允许对MABL内水平压力梯度进行精细的评估，从而允许对水平运动方程中的强迫项进行分析。通过空中采样可以确定地转风和MABL流的加速度。此外，还要求将怀俄明大学云雷达和云激光雷达作为UWKA机载仪器的一部分。这种仪器将能够测量伴随的云特性，如云高度和微物理参数。UWKA上的标准云物理探测器也将允许大量其他云和微物理测量。在卡塔琳娜涡旋或沿海捕获风反转条件下，MABL动力学的一个关键测量是MABL层的高度。来自机载任务的关于MABL内湿度和温度垂直结构的详细信息将使这一战略敏感区域的微波折射率剖面的精细确定成为可能。机载观测数据集将得到大量地面仪器的补充，包括围绕Point Conception的大量浮标。收集的数据将提供与天气研究与预报模式（WRF）的高分辨率（~ 1公里）数值模拟进行比较的基础。更广泛的影响。Point Conception地区具有战略重要性和国家安全利益。在过去的二十年里，沿海环境中的气象现象促使了几项主要的研究工作。作为现场实验的一部分收集的数据将提供独特的和前所未有的测量，这将有助于验证以前的概念模型和数值模拟详细的MABL动力学的努力。该项目将为研究生提供大气科学观测方面的培训机会，这一重点已被确定为2009年6月高级研究计划研讨会的关键要素。与之前的实地实验一样，研究生将有机会计划一项研究任务，并担任UWKA的飞行科学家。怀俄明大学启动了一个新的学术项目——地球系统科学，这个项目的数据将被用于一个研究项目，作为大气动力学项目的一部分。

A field project will be conducted from 20 May - 20 June 2011 near the Point Conception, California. The fundamental goal of this field experiment is to directly measure the dynamic forcing responsible for the wind field within the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL). The study will focus on dynamics associated with the northerly low-level coastal jet that is commonplace in the California coasts during summer. Because there are many potentially non-linear interactions occurring at the interface of the strong northerly (thus potentially difficult to simulate), along-shore wind regime with the cyclonic circulation within the California Bight, direct measurements of meteorological variables in this region are necessary to pars out the important components and their interactions at MABL. If a Catalina eddy and/or coastally-trapped wind reversal should occur, dedicated flights will be conducted to explore the dynamics and thermodynamics associated with those events. Intellectual merit. The University of Wyoming King Air aircraft (UWKA) will be deployed in the California coasts, which has been used in previous research projects. A total of 50 flight hours are planned. This project will build on recently developed airborne technology that enables detection of small horizontal pressure signals using differential correction of GPS heights of an airborne platform. Such measurements will allow fine-scale assessment of the horizontal pressure gradient at levels within the MABL, and thus permit analysis of the forcing terms in the horizontal equations of motion. Determination of ageostrophic winds and accelerations of the MABL flows will be possible from the airborne sampling. In addition, a request has been made for inclusion of the University of Wyoming Cloud Radar and Cloud Lidar as part of the instrumentation onboard the UWKA. Such instrumentation will enable measurements of attendant cloud properties, such as cloud height and microphysical parameters. The standard cloud physics probes on the UWKA will also allow a host of other cloud and microphysical measurements. A critical measurement for dynamics of the MABL under conditions of a Catalina eddy or coastally trapped wind reversal is the height of the MABL stratus. Detailed information regarding the vertical structure of humidity and temperature within the MABL from the airborne missions will enable fine-scale determination of microwave refractivity profiles in this strategically sensitive region. The airborne observational dataset will be supplemented with the considerable body of surface-based instrumentation including a host of buoys surrounding Point Conception. Data collected will provide the basis for comparison with high-resolution (~ 1 km) numerical simulations with the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF).Broader impacts. The Point Conception area is of strategic importance and national security interests. Meteorological phenomena in the coastal environment have prompted several major research efforts during the past two decades. Data collected as part of this field experiment will provide unique and unprecedented measurements that will be useful for validation of previous conceptual models and efforts to numerically simulate detailed MABL dynamics. This project will offer an opportunity for graduate student training in the observational aspects of atmospheric science, a focus from that was identified as a key element for the June 2009 Advanced Study Program Colloquium. As with previous field experiments, graduate students will have an opportunity to plan a research mission and serve as flight scientist on the UWKA. A new academic program, Earth System Science, has been initiated at the University of Wyoming and data from this project will be used in a research project as part of an atmospheric dynamics project.