Precision Atmospheric Marine Boundary Layer Experiment (PREAMBLE)

精密大气海洋边界层实验（PREAMBLE）

• 批准号: 1034862
• 负责人: Thomas Parish
• 金额: $ 36.23万
• 依托单位: University of Wyoming
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-06-01 至 2014-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1034862&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Precision; Atmospheric; Marine; Boundary; Layer

A field project will be conducted from 20 May - 20 June 2011 near the Point Conception, California. The fundamental goal of this field experiment is to directly measure the dynamic forcing responsible for the wind field within the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL). The study will focus on dynamics associated with the northerly low-level coastal jet that is commonplace in the California coasts during summer. Because there are many potentially non-linear interactions occurring at the interface of the strong northerly (thus potentially difficult to simulate), along-shore wind regime with the cyclonic circulation within the California Bight, direct measurements of meteorological variables in this region are necessary to pars out the important components and their interactions at MABL. If a Catalina eddy and/or coastally-trapped wind reversal should occur, dedicated flights will be conducted to explore the dynamics and thermodynamics associated with those events. Intellectual merit. The University of Wyoming King Air aircraft (UWKA) will be deployed in the California coasts, which has been used in previous research projects. A total of 50 flight hours are planned. This project will build on recently developed airborne technology that enables detection of small horizontal pressure signals using differential correction of GPS heights of an airborne platform. Such measurements will allow fine-scale assessment of the horizontal pressure gradient at levels within the MABL, and thus permit analysis of the forcing terms in the horizontal equations of motion. Determination of ageostrophic winds and accelerations of the MABL flows will be possible from the airborne sampling. In addition, a request has been made for inclusion of the University of Wyoming Cloud Radar and Cloud Lidar as part of the instrumentation onboard the UWKA. Such instrumentation will enable measurements of attendant cloud properties, such as cloud height and microphysical parameters. The standard cloud physics probes on the UWKA will also allow a host of other cloud and microphysical measurements. A critical measurement for dynamics of the MABL under conditions of a Catalina eddy or coastally trapped wind reversal is the height of the MABL stratus. Detailed information regarding the vertical structure of humidity and temperature within the MABL from the airborne missions will enable fine-scale determination of microwave refractivity profiles in this strategically sensitive region. The airborne observational dataset will be supplemented with the considerable body of surface-based instrumentation including a host of buoys surrounding Point Conception. Data collected will provide the basis for comparison with high-resolution (~ 1 km) numerical simulations with the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF).Broader impacts. The Point Conception area is of strategic importance and national security interests. Meteorological phenomena in the coastal environment have prompted several major research efforts during the past two decades. Data collected as part of this field experiment will provide unique and unprecedented measurements that will be useful for validation of previous conceptual models and efforts to numerically simulate detailed MABL dynamics. This project will offer an opportunity for graduate student training in the observational aspects of atmospheric science, a focus from that was identified as a key element for the June 2009 Advanced Study Program Colloquium. As with previous field experiments, graduate students will have an opportunity to plan a research mission and serve as flight scientist on the UWKA. A new academic program, Earth System Science, has been initiated at the University of Wyoming and data from this project will be used in a research project as part of an atmospheric dynamics project.

将于2011年5月20日至6月20日在加州的Point Conception附近开展一个实地项目。 本野外试验的基本目的是直接测量海洋大气边界层（MABL）内风场的动力强迫。 这项研究将侧重于与夏季加州海岸常见的向北低空沿海急流相关的动力学。 由于有许多潜在的非线性相互作用发生在界面上的强北风（因此可能很难模拟），沿岸风的制度与气旋环流在加州湾，在这个地区的气象变量的直接测量是必要的，以parses出的重要组成部分和它们的相互作用在MABL。 如果发生卡塔利纳涡流和/或海岸困风逆转，将进行专门的飞行，以探索与这些事件相关的动力学和热力学。智力上的优点。 怀俄明州大学的空中国王飞机（UWKA）将部署在加州海岸，这在以前的研究项目中已经使用过。 计划共飞行50小时。 该项目将建立在最近开发的机载技术的基础上，该技术能够利用机载平台的GPS高度的差分校正来检测小的水平压力信号。 这种测量将允许在MABL内的水平压力梯度的精细尺度的评估，从而允许在水平运动方程的强迫项的分析。 从空中取样将有可能确定非地转风和MABL流的加速度。 此外，还要求将怀俄明州大学的测云雷达和测云激光雷达作为UWKA机载仪器的一部分。 这种仪器将能够测量伴随的云的特性，如云的高度和微物理参数。 UWKA上的标准云物理探测器还将允许进行许多其他云和微物理测量。在卡塔利纳涡旋或海岸捕获风逆转条件下，MABL动力学的关键测量是MABL层云的高度。 从机载任务中获得的关于MABL内湿度和温度垂直结构的详细信息将能够在这一战略敏感地区精细确定微波辐射活动剖面。 空中观测数据集将得到大量地面仪器的补充，包括概念点周围的许多浮标。 所收集的数据将为与天气研究和预报模式的高分辨率（~1公里）数值模拟进行比较提供基础。 概念点地区具有战略重要性和国家安全利益。 在过去的二十年里，沿海环境中的气象现象促使了几项重大的研究工作。 作为该现场实验的一部分收集的数据将提供独特和前所未有的测量，这将有助于验证以前的概念模型和数值模拟详细的MABL动力学。 该项目将为研究生提供培训大气科学观测方面的机会，这一重点被确定为2009年6月高级研究计划学术讨论会的一个关键要素。 与以前的实地实验一样，研究生将有机会计划一项研究使命，并担任UWKA的飞行科学家。 怀俄明州大学发起了一个新的学术方案-地球系统科学，该项目的数据将用于一个研究项目，作为大气动力学项目的一部分。