CPS: Medium: Addressing Design and Human Factors Challenges in Cyber Transportation Systems

项目1035733：解决网络交通系统中的设计和人为因素挑战该项目有两个密切相关的目标。首先是设计和评估新的网络交通系统（CTS）应用，以改善交通安全和交通运营。二是设计和开发一个集成的交通驾驶网络模拟器。该项目采用多学科方法，结合了网络技术、交通工程和人为因素。虽然交通运输在社会中发挥着不可或缺的作用，但它在事故、拥堵、污染和能源消耗方面也有其负面影响。为了改善交通安全，该计划将开发和评估新的算法和协议，以确定各种警告信息的优先次序、传递和融合，以减少司机？响应时间和工作负载，防止冲突的警告，并尽量减少假警报。为改善交通运作，该项目将侧重于为正常和紧急情况（例如恶劣天气和疏散情况）设计下一代交通管理和控制算法。人类行为建模方法和人类受试者？本研究将采用实验方法来解决人为因素。由于CTS应用的设计和评估需要一个有效的开发和测试平台，将人、交通和网络元素联系起来，该项目还将设计和开发一个模拟器，该模拟器结合了交通模拟器、网络模拟器和驾驶模拟器的主要特征。集成模拟器将允许人类驾驶员在具有真实背景交通的虚拟环境中控制目标车辆，该车辆能够通过CTS消息与驾驶员和其他车辆进行通信。背景流量将由一个现实的驾驶员模型控制，该模型基于我们对CTS消息的人为因素研究。对驾驶员行为的影响智力优势：该项目明确考虑了人为因素在CTS安全和操作应用的设计和评估中，这是一个尚未得到足够重视的话题。此外，所提出的集成模拟器是同类模拟器中首个具有独特功能的模拟器，可以降低新的CTS应用的设计和评估成本。更广泛的影响：建议的研究可以提高交通系统的安全性，效率和环保性，这是现代社会的基础，直接影响到生活质量。该模拟器将成为青少年和老年人驾驶教育和培训的工具，并将激励少数民族和初高中学生在数学、科学、计算机相关领域从事职业

Abstract for Project 1035733:Addressing Design and Human Factors Challenges in Cyber-Transportation Systems This project has two closely related objectives. The first is to design and evaluate new Cyber Transportation Systems (CTS) applications for improved traffic safety and traffic operations. The second is to design and develop an integrated traffic-driving-networking simulator. The project takes a multi-disciplinary approach that combines cyber technologies, transportation engineering and human factors. While transportation serves indispensible functions to society, it does have its own negative impacts in terms of accidents, congestion, pollution, and energy consumption. To improve traffic safety, the project will develop and evaluate novel algorithms and protocols for prioritization, delivery and fusion of various warning messages so as to reduce drivers? response time and workload, prevent conflicting warnings, and minimize false alarms. To improve traffic operations, the project will focus on the design of next generation traffic management and control algorithms for both normal and emergency operations (e.g. during inclement weather and evacuation scenarios). Both human performance modeling methods and human subjects? experimental methods will be used to address the human element in this research. As the design and evaluation of CTS applications requires an effective development and testing platform linking the human, transportation and cyber elements, the project will also design and develop a simulator that combines the main features of a traffic simulator, a networking simulator and a driving simulator. The integrated simulator will allow a human driver to control a subject vehicle in a virtual environment with realistic background traffic, which is capable of communicating with the driver and other vehicles with CTS messages. Background traffic will be controlled by a realistic driver model based on our human factors research that accounts for CTS messages? impact on driver behavior. Intellectual Merits: The project explicitly considers human factors in the design and evaluation of CTS safety and operations applications, a topic which has not received adequate attention. Moreover, the proposed integrated simulator represents a first-of-a-kind simulator with unique features that can reduce the design and evaluation costs of new CTS applications.Broader Impacts: The proposed research can improve the safety, efficiency and environmental-friendless of transportation systems, which serve as the very foundation of modern societies and directly affects the quality of life. The integrated simulator will be used as a tool for teenage and elderly driver education and training, and to inspire minority, middle and high school students to pursue careers in math, science, and computer-related fields