EFRI-SEED: Creating Opportunities for Adaptation Based on PULSE (Population in Urban Landscape for Sustainable Built Environment)

EFRI-SEED项目的目标是开发一个城市模拟平台，以确定和测试以下机会：(1)城市居民更好地适应室内外环境条件，(2)老化的建筑基础设施，以更好地适应不断变化的环境条件和新的建筑能源性能要求。该项目将包括跨越整个城市社区的整体系统边界的多尺度建模，以捕捉多个建筑对制冷/供暖/照明的能量流动的综合影响，同时保持足够小的模型分辨率，以基于第一原理(守恒定律直接应用于多个尺度)来模拟这些影响。能量流建模工作将与乘员舒适度和健康的研究成果相结合，从粘膜刺激和下呼吸道症状到乘员警觉。宾夕法尼亚州立大学和哈佛大学的主要校区将作为该项目的案例研究，帮助项目团队制定与建筑能源使用和居住者对城市环境的满意度有关的城市设计绩效指标。这些指标将通过充分利用社区规模的阳光、风和雨，以及考虑居住者的投入，来支持改进的建筑能源控制战略的制定。所有开发的软件，包括接口，都将在开放式软件体系结构中可用。PI计划启用社区基础设施，研究人员可以在其中提供重要的输入到虚拟脉搏模型中，以改进邻里模拟和数据收集。该研究团队计划做出贡献，可能有助于解决美国国家工程院(NAE)定义为恢复和改善城市基础设施的工程学重大挑战之一。此外，城市基础设施是最近批准的LEED for Neighborhood Development评级系统的主要焦点：LEED-ND，这将从定量分析的角度体现在我们的项目中。本提案中开发的模拟工具和技术将提供一个框架，将建筑师和工程师整合在一起，以一种新颖的方式解决复杂的耦合问题，以减少建筑能耗和环境影响。政策制定者将能够获得量化数据，以改进对城市环境中能源需求的评估。这种能力可以为负责任的能源政策和城市住区的发展提供一个基本框架，以满足奥巴马-拜登美国全面新能源计划中设定的长期国家目标。这项工作将提供对可能导致系统性人口健康问题的环境应激源的更好理解。该项目的成果将为政策制定者提供升级城市基础设施以改善人口健康所需的基线信息。虚拟脉搏模拟工具的直接传播将针对工业和研究社区，同时将为本科生/研究生和校园社区开发特殊材料。教育传播举措被命名为“城市环境”单元。这些单元代表了基于本项目中收集的数据的一系列实践讲座和练习。EFRI获奖者被要求参加EFRI获奖者的年度会议并提交研究计划和成果？在授权书有效期内举行的会议。至少需要一名首席调查员和至少一名研究人员或学生参加受赠人？会议使用的差旅经费来自赠款？S预算。EFRI赞助的S会议定于2011年3月24-25日在弗吉尼亚州阿灵顿举行。有关更多信息，请联系Ann Becker and Associates的Kate Ryan，电子邮件：krayn@abecker.com。支持该项目的2010财年EFRI-SEED主题由美国国家科学基金会(NSF)工程(ENG)、数学和物理科学(MPS)和社会、行为和经济科学(SBE)以及计算机与信息科学与工程(Computer&amp；Information Science and Engineering)与美国能源部(DOE)和美国环境保护局(EPA)合作发起。

The objective of this EFRI-SEED project is to develop an urban simulation platform in order to identify and test opportunities for: (1) urban dwellers to better adapt to indoor and outdoor environmental conditions and (2) the aging building infrastructure to better adapt to changing environmental conditions and new building energy performance requirements. The project will include multi-scale modeling with overall system boundaries spanning across a whole urban neighborhood to capture the combined effect of multiple buildings on energy flows for cooling/heating/lighting, while maintaining a model resolution small enough to simulate these effects based on first principles (conservation laws directly applied to multiple scales). The energy flow modeling efforts will be coupled with research outcomes on occupant comfort and health ranging from mucosal irritation and lower respiratory symptoms to occupant alertness. The main campuses at Penn State and Harvard will serve as case studies for this project helping the project team to develop urban design performance metrics related to building energy use and occupant satisfaction with the urban environment. These metrics will support the development of improved building energy control strategies by taking full benefits of sun, wind and rain at the neighborhood scale, as well as, accounting for inputs from occupants. All of the software developed including interfaces will be available in open software architecture. The PIs plan to enable a community infrastructure, where researchers can provide vital input into the Virtual PULSE model, for improved neighborhood simulations and data collection.This research team plans to make contributions that could potentially help address one of the Grand Challenges for Engineering defined by the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) as Restore and Improve Urban Infrastructure. Also, the urban infrastructure is the main focus of recently approved LEED for Neighborhood Development Rating System: LEED-ND, which will be represented in our project from a quantitative analysis perspective. Simulation tools and techniques developed in this proposal will provide a framework to integrate architects and engineers for solving complex coupled problems in a novel way to decrease building energy consumption and environmental impacts. Policy makers will have access to quantitative data to improve assessment of energy demands in urban environments. Such capacity can provide a fundamental framework for responsible energy policy and growth of urban settlements that meet the long-tem national goal set in The Obama-Biden Comprehensive New Energy for America Plan. The work will provide better understanding of environmental stressors that can lead to systemic population health problems. The project results will provide policy makers with baseline information necessary to upgrade urban infrastructure for improved population health. Direct dissemination of Virtual PULSE simulation tool will be aimed for the industry and research community, while special materials will be developed for undergraduate/graduate students and campus communities. The educational dissemination initiatives are named "Urban Environment" modules. These modules represent a series of hands-on lectures and exercises to be based on the data collected in this project.EFRI awardees are required to attend and present research plans and results annually at an EFRI grantees? conference for the duration of the award. At least one principal investigator and at least one researcher or student is required to attend the grantees? conference using travel funds from the grant?s budget. The EFRI grantee?s conference is scheduled for March 24-25, 2011 in Arlington, VA. Please contact Kate Ryan of Ann Becker and Associates at krayn@abecker.com, for additional information.The FY 2010 EFRI-SEED Topic that supports this project was sponsored by the US National Science Foundation (NSF) Directorates for Engineering (ENG), Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS) and Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences (SBE), and Computer & Information Science and Engineering in collaboration with the US Department of Energy (DOE) and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).