Dynamics in bacterial flagellar systems

所有细菌鞭毛马达都由两个关键部件组成，将离子通量转换为旋转运动：转子复合体和转子周围的定子单元。定子环和转子复合体都是动态的，并且在电动机的操作期间交换子单元。许多细菌物种具有用于单个转子系统（≥2：1比率）或完整的第二鞭毛系统（2：2定子/转子比率）的额外定子组，而不是单个转子和定子系统（1：1比率）。拟议研究将使用希瓦氏菌Oneidensis MR-1（定子/转子比≥2：1）和S.腐败菌CN-32（2：2定子/转子比）作为模式生物，以确定这些物种是否通过定子和转子亚基的交换来动态改变鞭毛马达组成，以根据环境条件调节其功能。我们将应用基因和单细胞成像，后焦平面干涉和荧光显微镜荧光标记的电机组件的组合。这项研究有望为分子机器的功能，动力学和适应性提供基本的新见解。

All bacterial flagellar motors consist of two crucial components to convert an ion flux into rotational movement: the rotor complex and the stator units surrounding the rotor. Both stator ring and rotor complex are dynamic and exchange subunits during operation of the motor. Instead of a single rotor and stator system (1:1 ratio), numerous bacterial species possess additional sets of stators for a single rotor system (≥2:1 ratio) or a complete second flagellar system (2:2 stator/rotor ratio). The pro-posed study will use Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 (≥2:1 stator/rotor ratio) and S. putrefaciens CN-32 (2:2 stator/rotor ratio) as model organisms to determine whether these species dynamically modify the flagellar motor composition by exchange of stator and rotor subunits to adjust its function according to the environmental conditions. We will apply a combination of genetic and single cell imaging, back focal plane interferometry and fluorescent microscopy on fluorescently labeled motor components. This study promises to provide fundamental new insights with respect to function, dynamics, and adaptation of molecular machines.