Collaborative Research: Long-Term and Interannual Variability of Antarctic Ice Sheet Mass Balance From Satellite Gravimetry and Other Geodetic Measurements

1043750/CHEN该奖项支持一个项目，该项目利用重力恢复和气候实验(GRACE)的卫星重力测量和其他大地测量，改进对南极冰盖物质平衡在大陆、区域和集水区尺度上的长期和年际变化的估计。这项工作将改进使用记录更长和新一代产品(S)的GRACE重力数据对南极洲上空长期质量变化率的量化，并将开发先进的数值正演模拟技术，可以准确校正与GRACE数据处理相关的泄漏效应，并显著提高南极洲GRACE质量速率估计的空间分辨率。这项工作还将有助于通过冰后反弹(PGR)模型、GPS测量以及GRACE和ICESat海拔变化的联合分析，更好地了解冰后反弹(PGR)引起的地壳抬升速率和南极现今冰负荷的变化。将在大陆和集水区范围内调查南极洲上空冰块的年际变化，并研究其与区域气候变化的关系。这项研究的主要成果将是改进对整个南极冰盖的冰块平衡的评估，以及对全球平均海平面上升的潜在贡献。这项工作还将提供对南极洲上空区域冰块变化率的估计，重点是沿海岸的阿蒙森海湾、西南极半岛以及东南极的威尔克斯陆地和维多利亚陆地。还将对南极洲不同空间尺度上的年际冰量变化进行估计，并对南极上空GRACE冰速估计和PGR模型误差的不确定性进行评估。拟议调查的学术价值包括：1)以前所未有的精度在不同的时间和空间尺度上改进对南极冰块平衡的评估，这对极地科学研究的广泛领域作出了重要贡献；2)将高精度的GPS垂直隆起测量与PGR模型结合起来，以便更好地量化长期的地壳隆起影响，而这些影响是GRACE无法与冰块变化区分开来的；以及3)在各种现代空间大地观测的基础上，统一了在量化冰盖和冰川物质平衡和地壳隆起方面前沿的若干调查工作。更广泛的影响包括，该项目将通过两名研究生的支持，积极让学生参与和培训。此外，该项目还将促进一般教育和公众宣传活动，这项调查的结果将有助于激励未来的地球科学家，并提高公众对气候变化的重要表现的认识。

1043750/ChenThis award supports a project to improve the estimate of long-term and inter-annual variability of Antarctic ice sheet mass balance at continental, regional, and catchment scales, using satellite gravity measurements from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and other geodetic measurements. The work will improve the quantification of long-term mass change rates over Antarctica using GRACE gravity data with a longer record and newer generation(s) of products and will develop advanced numerical forward modeling techniques that can accurately correct leakage effects associated with GRACE data processing, and significantly improve spatial resolution of GRACE mass rate estimates over Antarctica. The work will also contribute to a better understanding of crustal uplift rates due to postglacial rebound (PGR) and present day ice load change over Antarctica via PGR models, GPS measurements, and combined analysis of GRACE and ICESat elevation changes. Inter-annual variations of ice mass over Antarctica will be investigated at continental and catchment scales and connections to regional climate change will be studied. The major deliverables from this study will be improved assessments of ice mass balance for the entire Antarctic ice sheet and potential contribution to global mean sea level rise. The work will also provide estimates of regional ice mass change rates over Antarctica, with a focus along the coast in the Amundsen Sea Embayment, the Peninsula in West Antarctica, and in Wilkes Land and Victoria Land in East Antarctica. Estimates of inter-annual ice mass change over Antarctica at various spatial scales, and assessments of uncertainty of GRACE ice rate estimates and PGR models errors over Antarctica will also be made. The intellectual merits of the proposed investigation include 1) providing improved assessments of Antarctic ice mass balance at different temporal and spatial scales with unprecedented accuracy, an important contribution to broad areas of polar science research; 2) combining high accuracy GPS vertical uplift measurements and PGR models to better quantify long-term crust uplift effects that are not distinguishable from ice mass changes by GRACE; and 3) unifying the work of several investigations at the forefront of quantifying ice sheet and glacier mass balance and crustal uplift based on a variety of modern space geodetic observations. The broader impacts include the fact that the project will actively involve student participation and training, through the support of two graduate students. In addition the project will contribute to general education and public outreach (E/PO) activities and the results from this investigation will help inspire future geoscientists and promote public awareness of significant manifestations of climate change.