RAPID Response Research: Replacement Camera Cooling System for the YSO Astrograph

来自RAPID提案的资金用于替换位于阿根廷埃尔莱昂西托Cesco天文台的耶鲁南方天文台（YSO） 51厘米双星象仪上的主4Kx4K PixelVision CCD相机的冷却系统。Cesco天文台是由耶鲁南方天文台和圣胡安国立大学（UNSJ）联合运营的。冷却系统对于运行星象仪上的主CCD相机至关重要，这是目前nsf通过AST-0908996资助的研究项目——三维速度空间中的银河系：从南半球的视角——所需要的，该项目由Casetti、van Altena和Girard完成。这笔拨款是根据2009年《美国复苏与再投资法案》（公法111-5）提供的。智力优势：卡塞蒂博士和她的合作者在耶鲁/圣胡安南部固有运动（SPM）调查中工作。为了精确测量天空中微小的恒星运动，天体测量观测已经进行了几十年。恒星的绝对固有运动可以用来确定它们围绕银河系中心的轨道。当这些数据与动态模拟相比较时，星系形成和演化的模型就可以得到检验。与其他观测一起，这些测量也被用来了解银河系的引力势。更广泛的影响：在耶鲁大学的一个网页上公开提供了球状星团和潮汐流沿线地区的适当运动、位置和摄影光度测量，以及晕和厚盘的过度密度。这些庞大的数据库是天文学界研究星系运动学和结构的宝贵资源。冷却系统的修复将使多个研究项目受益，因为其他研究小组已经使用了该仪器。这是阿根廷和美国研究人员的国际合作。阿根廷圣胡安大学、科尔多瓦大学和拉普拉塔大学的本科生将在为该项目进行观测时接受培训。

The funds from this RAPID proposal are used to replace a broken cooling system for the primary 4Kx4K PixelVision CCD camera on the Yale Southern Observatory (YSO) 51-cm double astrograph located at Cesco Observatory in El Leoncito, Argentina. The Cesco Observatory is operated jointly by the Yale Southern Observatory and the Universidad Nacional de San Juan (UNSJ). The cooling system is essential for operating the primary CCD camera on the astrograph, which is needed to continue currently NSF-funded research through grant AST-0908996, The Milky Way in 3D Velocity Space: A View from the Southern Hemisphere, by Casetti, van Altena, and Girard. That grant was funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).Intellectual Merit: Dr. Casetti and her collaborators work on the Yale/San Juan Southern Proper Motion (SPM) survey. The astrometric observations have been ongoing for decades in order to accurately measure small stellar motions across the sky. The absolute proper motions of stars can be used to determine their orbits around the Galactic center. When such data are compared to dynamical simulations, models of Galaxy formation and evolution can be tested. Together with other observations these measurements are also used to learn about the gravitational potential of the Milky Way Galaxy. Broader Impact: Measurements of the proper motions, positions and photographic photometry for globular clusters and areas along tidal streams and over-densities in the halo and thick disk are made publicly available on a webpage at Yale University. These huge data bases are a valuable resource to the astronomy community for studies of galactic kinematics and structure.The repair of the cooling system will benefit more than one research project as other research group have use for the instrument. This is an international collaboration from researchers in Argentina and the US. Undergraduates at the Universities of San Juan, Cordoba and La Plata in Argentina will be trained as they obtain observations for the project.