Collaborative Research: Isotopic and Compositional Investigation of the Sources and Interactions of Reactive Nitrogen in the Marine Atmosphere at Bermuda

该项目旨在描述沉积到北大西洋的雨水和气溶胶中氮（N）物种的来源、组成和相互关系。由于百慕大位于北大西洋西部，历来是研究海洋大气的主要取样地点，而且由于运输的季节性变化，可以研究主要受海洋影响的气团，因此将在百慕大岛进行取样。该项目的智力价值包括有助于对海洋大气中无机和有机氮的来源和组成的基本了解。这项工作的结果也将对诊断有多少新的生物可利用氮进入海洋生物地球化学系统产生影响。今天的估计表明，大气沉积可以占海洋外部N供应的大约三分之一。然而，沉积通量的海洋通常被解释为简单的N输入，而最近的工作表明，海洋可能会影响，甚至有助于反应N循环中发现的上覆大气。这项工作的目的是澄清自然和人类影响的大气氮循环及其与海洋的联系，更广泛的影响包括在课堂、实验室和实地对大学生进行教育和培训;对一名研究生水平的研究技术人员进行培训和职业发展;对一名博士后研究人员进行教育、培训和发展;对制定一名早期职业科学家的研究方案作出贡献;并在科学界以及向更广泛的受众传播成果。这项工作将是高度协作和跨学科的，涉及布朗大学、普林斯顿大学和百慕大海洋科学研究所的团体。普林斯顿大学的一名本科生将参加实地和实验室工作，作为普林斯顿BIOS暑期实习计划的一部分。一名研究技术人员将专门负责该项目，并在BIOS工作18个月。博士后学者将花时间在所有三个合作机构，并将协调本科生和布朗研究生的研究。研究结果将在科学会议上和通过同行评审的出版物传播。这项研究及其影响将通过三个具体的努力与更广泛的受众分享：在百慕大的公开讲座，作为布朗的NSF支持的GK-12计划的一部分向K-12教师介绍，以及作为布朗大学本科环境研究课程的一部分教授的一个模块的开发，题为“环境问题的分析和解决”。"

This project is designed to characterize the sources, composition, and interrelationships among nitrogen (N) species in rainwater and aerosols deposited into the North Atlantic Ocean. The island of Bermuda will be used for sampling due to its location in the western North Atlantic, its history as a key sampling location for studies of the marine atmosphere, and the fact that seasonal changes in transport allow for study of both anthropogenically and primarily marine influenced air masses. The intellectual merit of this project includes contribution to a fundamental understanding of the sources and composition of inorganic and organic N in the marine atmosphere. Results from this work will also have implications for diagnosing how much new, bioavailable N is entering the marine biogeochemical system. Estimates today suggest that atmospheric deposition can account for approximately a third of the ocean's external N supply. However, deposition fluxes to the ocean have typically been interpreted simply as N inputs, whereas recent work suggests that the ocean may influence and even contribute to the reactive N cycle found in the overlying atmosphere. This work aims to clarify both the natural and human-impacted atmospheric N cycle and its links to the ocean.Broader impacts include the education and training of undergraduates in the classroom, laboratory and field; training and career development of a graduate level research technician; the education, training and development of a post-doctoral researcher; contribution to the development of the research program of an early career scientist; and dissemination of results within the scientific community, as well as to a broader audience. The work will be highly collaborative and interdisciplinary, involving groups at Brown University, Princeton University and the Bermuda Institute for Ocean Sciences (BIOS). A Princeton undergraduate will participate in field and laboratory work, as part of the Princeton-BIOS summer internship program. A research technician will be dedicated to the project and based at BIOS for 18 months. A post-doctoral scholar will spend time at all three collaborating institutions and will coordinate the research of the undergraduate and a Brown graduate student. The results of the research will be disseminated at scientific conferences and through peer-reviewed publications. This research and its implications will be shared with a broader audience through three specific efforts: a public lecture in Bermuda, a presentation to K-12 teachers as part of Brown's NSF supported GK-12 program, and development of a module to be taught as part of an undergraduate environmental studies course at Brown entitled "Analysis and Resolution of Environmental Problems."