Characterizing Chemical Production and Loss of Nitrous Acid (HONO) Via Stable Isotopes

通过稳定同位素表征亚硝酸 (HONO) 的化学生产和损失

• 批准号: 1904570
• 负责人: Meredith Hastings
• 金额: $ 49.98万
• 依托单位: Brown University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-11-01 至 2023-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1904570&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Characterizing; Chemical; Production; Loss; Nitrous

This award from the Environmental Chemical Sciences Program supports Professor Meredith Hastings at Brown University to study nitrous acid. Nitrous acid is a key species in atmospheric chemistry, with important implications for air quality both indoors and outdoors. This project focuses on addressing the difficult-to-resolve sources and sinks of atmospheric nitrous acid. Nitrous acid is typically produced on an environmental surface by reactions of nitrogen dioxide, nitric acid or particulate nitrate. The project uses stable isotopic analysis of these species to determine potential pathways of gaseous nitrous acid production. It builds on measurements of isotopic signatures from previous work and leads to improved understanding of the relative contributions from each source and pathway to the atmospheric nitrous acid budget. This has strong implications for understanding air quality, climate change, and their impact on human and ecosystem health. It also provides a potential tool for better prediction and decision making related to emissions that lead to nitrous acid production. This award also advances the career development of a postdoctoral scientist and a graduate student. Results are being integrated into a newly developed course on air quality at Brown University. A new method has been developed and verified in Professor Hasting's lab to efficiently capture nitrous acid in the air for stable isotopic characterization of nitrogen and oxygen isotopes. This technique has been used to distinguish the isotopic signature of nitrous acid from major sources including vehicle, soil and biomass burning emissions. In this project, a flow reactor is being designed and built to couple with the collection technique to isotopically characterize the nitrous acid heterogeneously produced on environmentally representative surfaces that are both prepared in the lab and collected in the actual environment. The results from this project will constrain atmospheric nitrous acid budget and trace reactive nitrogen species cycling from regional to global scales.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

环境化学科学计划的该奖项支持布朗大学的梅雷迪思·黑斯廷斯教授研究亚硝酸。亚硝酸是大气化学的关键物种，对室内和室外的空气质量具有重要意义。该项目着重于解决难以解决的大气一硝酸的来源和水槽。亚硝酸通常是通过二氧化氮，硝酸或颗粒硝酸盐的反应在环境表面产生的。该项目对这些物种进行稳定的同位素分析来确定气态亚硝酸产生的潜在途径。它以先前工作的同位素特征的测量为基础，并提高了对每个来源和大气一硝酸预算的相对贡献的了解。这对了解空气质量，气候变化及其对人类和生态系统健康的影响具有很大的影响。它还提供了一种潜在的工具，可以更好地预测和决策与导致亚硝酸产生的排放有关。该奖项还推动了博士后科学家和研究生的职业发展。结果正在纳入布朗大学的新开发的空气质量课程。在Hasting教授实验室中开发并验证了一种新方法，以有效捕获空气中的亚硝酸，以稳定的氮和氧同位素的同位素表征。该技术已被用来区分亚硝酸的同位素特征与包括媒介物，土壤和生物质燃烧排放在内的主要来源的同位素特征。在该项目中，正在设计和建造一个流动反应器，并与收集技术搭配使用，以同位素表征在实验室中制备并在实际环境中收集的环境代表性表面上产生的亚硝酸酸。该项目的结果将限制从区域到全球量表的痕量反应性氮循环的痕量反应性氮物种。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子的评估来获得支持的，并具有更广泛的影响。