Dimensions: Collaborative Research: Can Evolutionary History Predict How Changes in Biodiversity Impact the Productivity of Ecosystems?

维度：合作研究：进化史能否预测生物多样性的变化如何影响生态系统的生产力？

• 批准号: 1046121
• 负责人: Bradley Cardinale
• 金额: $ 69.05万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-10-01 至 2016-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1046121&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dimensions; Collaborative; Research; Evolutionary; History

Scientists seek to understand how the current accelerating loss of biodiversity will affect the productivity and sustainability of Earth's ecosystems. The goal of this project is to predict which species extinctions will have the greatest effect on primary production, the fundamentally important process of photosynthetic capture of biomass. This project tests the novel hypothesis that evolution leads to genetic divergence and niche differences among species. In turn, niche differences lead to a 'division of labor' that determines how efficiently biological communities capture the limited resources needed to produce new biomass. To test this hypothesis, the project bridges the fields of ecology, phylogenetics, and genomics to examine how one of the most widespread and ecologically important groups of algae impacts the productivity of lakes throughout North America. The goals are to 1) Create a new molecular phylogeny that can be used to test whether assemblages of freshwater algae are more genetically diverse than expected by chance. 2) Experimentally manipulate the evolutionary and genetic divergence of species to assess how these aspects of biodiversity control niche differences and primary production. 3) Conduct analyses of gene expression data to identify the genetic basis of niche differences among species, and relate these to rates of primary production by phytoplankton communities.The project will train a variety of students from high school interns to postdoctoral researchers in multidisciplinary work blending genomics, phylogenetics, and ecology. Two K-12 exercises will broaden students' appreciation for biological diversity in important freshwater habitats. The information from the project will provide important information for the management of freshwater resources.

科学家们试图了解当前生物多样性的加速丧失将如何影响地球生态系统的生产力和可持续性。该项目的目标是预测哪些物种灭绝将对初级生产产生最大影响，初级生产是生物量光合作用捕获的基本重要过程。这个项目测试了进化导致物种间遗传分化和生态位差异的新假设。反过来，生态位差异导致了“劳动分工”，这决定了生物群落如何有效地捕获生产新生物量所需的有限资源。为了验证这一假设，该项目将生态学、系统发育学和基因组学领域联系起来，研究最广泛、生态上最重要的藻类群体之一是如何影响整个北美湖泊的生产力的。目标是1)创造一种新的分子系统发育，可以用来测试淡水藻类的组合是否比偶然预期的更具有遗传多样性。2)通过实验控制物种的进化和遗传差异，评估生物多样性对生态位差异和初级生产的影响。3)对基因表达数据进行分析，确定物种间生态位差异的遗传基础，并将其与浮游植物群落的初级生产速率联系起来。该项目将培养各种各样的学生，从高中实习生到博士后研究人员，从事融合基因组学、系统遗传学和生态学的多学科工作。两项从小学至高中的练习将加深学生对重要淡水生境生物多样性的认识。该项目的资料将为淡水资源的管理提供重要的资料。