Functions of coral fluorescence: an integrative approach

珊瑚荧光的功能：综合方法

• 批准号: 1052461
• 负责人: Mikhail Matz
• 金额: $ 32.99万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-03-01 至 2014-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1052461&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Functions; coral; fluorescence; integrative; approach

Multi-colored fluorescence of reef-building corals is one of the most striking visual phenomena in the ocean. A number of observations indicate that fluorescent proteins play a major role in the interaction of corals with the environment, including responses to stress and symbiotic microalgae. However, the mechanism of action and the role of different colors remains obscure. Coral fluorescence thus represents a substantial gap in the basic knowledge of coral eco-physiology, directly relevant to understanding the factors contributing to the ongoing decline of coral reefs worldwide. This project will investigate morphological, physiological and molecular traits correlating with fluorescence, and will test specific hypotheses concerning functions of individual colors, in early life stages of the table coral Acropora hyacinthus, a major reef-builder of the Indo-Pacific. The expected results include advancement of the basic knowledge of coral biology, clarification of the molecular function of fluorescent proteins, and possible biomarker applications for reef management based on non-invasive optical methods. The results of the project will be published in open-access journals; all the data and materials will be made available promptly to the broad scientific community. The main subject of the project (why coral reefs are colorful) has considerable public appeal and represents a rich opportunity for outreach, which will include lectures and press releases to increase public awareness of global climate change, and presentations in schools to raise the interest of children from underrepresented groups to pursue science as an academic or professional goal.

造礁珊瑚的多色荧光是海洋中最引人注目的视觉现象之一。一些观察结果表明，荧光蛋白在珊瑚与环境的相互作用中发挥着重要作用，包括对压力和共生微藻的反应。然而，不同颜色的作用机制和作用仍然不清楚。因此，珊瑚荧光代表了珊瑚生态生理学基础知识中的巨大差距，与了解导致全球珊瑚礁持续衰退的因素直接相关。该项目将研究与荧光相关的形态、生理和分子特征，并将在印度太平洋主要造礁珊瑚鹿角珊瑚（Acropora hyacinthus）的早期生命阶段测试有关个体颜色功能的特定假设。预期的成果包括增进珊瑚生物学的基本知识，澄清荧光蛋白的分子功能，以及基于非侵入性光学方法的珊瑚礁管理生物标志物的可能应用。该项目的结果将在开放获取的期刊上发表;所有数据和材料将迅速提供给广大科学界。该项目的主要主题（珊瑚礁为何色彩缤纷）具有相当大的公众吸引力，是一个丰富的外联机会，其中将包括讲座和新闻稿，以提高公众对全球气候变化的认识，并在学校进行演讲，以提高代表性不足群体的儿童对追求科学作为学术或专业目标的兴趣。