CAREER: An Integrated Research and Education Program to Improve Environmental Sustainability with Biochar Technology

职业生涯：利用生物炭技术改善环境可持续性的综合研究和教育计划

• 批准号: 1054405
• 负责人: Bin Gao
• 金额: $ 40.79万
• 依托单位: University of Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-01-15 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1054405&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Integrated; Research; Education; Program

Biochar, also known as "biomass-derived black carbon", is a charcoal produced by thecombustion of biomass in an oxygen-limited environment (pyrolysis). Recent technologicaladvances make it possible to envision the development of an innovative environmentalsustainability strategy to convert carbon-rich agricultural residues (e.g. sugarcane bagasses,sugar beet residues, peanut hull, and animal waste) into engineered biochars. Thissustainability strategy can produce multiple societal and environmental benefits: sustainablemanagement of agricultural resources, water conservation and reclamation, sustainable soilproductivity, carbon neutral energy production, and carbon sequestration. The overall objectiveof this project is to build an integrated research and education program focusing on exploringthe environmental and societal benefits of using carbon-rich agricultural residues as feed stocksfor engineered biochars. The specific research objectives are to: 1) Create different types of engineered biochars(i.e., untreated biochar, biologically activated biochar, and surface-modified biochar) fromrepresentative agricultural residues; 2) Determine fundamental physicochemical properties ofthe engineered biochars; and 3) Unveil mechanisms governing the sorption of contaminants(i.e., nutrients, pharmaceuticals, and heavy metals) to the engineered biochars.The specific educational objectives are to: 1) develop a new course on the impact ofbiochar on environmental sustainability; 2) promote interest and participation of students inenvironmental sustainability through early exposure; and 3) educate the greater communityabout the environmental and societal benefits of the proposed activities.

生物炭，也被称为“生物质衍生的黑碳”，是由生物质在缺氧环境（热解）中燃烧产生的木炭。最近的技术进步使人们有可能设想一种创新的环境可持续性战略的发展，将富含碳的农业残留物（如甘蔗甘蔗渣、甜菜渣、花生壳和动物粪便）转化为工程生物炭。这种可持续性战略可以产生多种社会和环境效益：农业资源的可持续管理、水资源保护和开垦、可持续土壤生产力、碳中和能源生产和碳封存。该项目的总体目标是建立一个综合研究和教育计划，重点探索使用富含碳的农业残留物作为工程生物炭原料的环境和社会效益。具体的研究目标是：1)创造不同类型的工程生物炭(即；（未经处理的生物炭、生物活化的生物炭和表面改性的生物炭）；2)确定工程生物炭的基本理化性质；3)揭示控制污染物吸附的机制(即：（营养物、药物和重金属）转化为工程生物炭。具体教育目标是：1)开设一门关于生物炭对环境可持续性影响的新课程；2)通过早期接触促进学生对环境可持续性的兴趣和参与；3)向更大的社区宣传拟议活动的环境和社会效益。