CAREER: Practical verification of outsourced computations

职业：外包计算的实际验证

• 批准号: 1055057
• 负责人: Michael Walfish
• 金额: $ 45万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-02-01 至 2017-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1055057&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Practical; verification; outsourced; computations

Many computing services are moving to the "cloud" because cloudcomputing offers economic and operational benefits. However, cloudservices not only are complex black boxes operated by third parties butalso refuse to give service guarantees. Thus, instead of trying to makecloud services more trustworthy (that is, giving customers reasons toplace faith in the cloud), this project explicitly removes trust fromthe cloud: the project is building systems that give cloud customersguarantees, even under arbitrary service malfunctions. Two such systemsconcern storage and function computation.Under the storage system, the challenge is to use client-sideverification to resist arbitrary or malicious cloud malfunctions (losingdata, returning stale data, corrupting data, compromising data, etc.).Under the function computation system, a client specifies a computationto a server, the server executes it and returns the output and auxiliaryinformation, and the client uses the auxiliary information toefficiently check whether the output is correct. The approach is toadapt, and translate into practice, a fascinating body of theory (onprobabilistically checkable and interactive proofs) that is currentlythought to be impractical.With qualitative advances in reliable yet practical computing, thisproject will make cloud computing safer for existing customers and spurthe adoption of cloud services. This will mean more people paying lessfor computing, producing beneficial effects throughout the computationalecosystem. The educational thrusts include teaching graduate students toteach (applying the K-12 student teaching model), graduate andundergraduate mentoring, curriculum development, and outreach tounderrepresented groups.

许多计算服务正在转向“云”，因为云计算提供了经济和运营效益。然而，云服务不仅是第三方操作的复杂黑匣子，而且拒绝提供服务保证。因此，该项目不是试图让云服务更值得信赖（即让客户有理由相信云），而是明确消除对云的信任：该项目正在构建即使在任意服务故障的情况下也能为云客户提供保证的系统。这样的两个系统涉及存储和函数计算。在存储系统下，挑战是使用客户端验证来抵御任意或恶意的云故障（丢失数据、返回陈旧数据、损坏数据、泄露数据等）。在函数计算系统下，客户端向服务器指定计算，服务器执行它并返回输出和辅助信息，客户端使用辅助信息 有效检查输出是否正确。该方法旨在适应目前被认为不切实际的令人着迷的理论体系（关于概率可检查和交互式证明）并将其转化为实践。随着可靠而实用的计算的质的进步，该项目将使云计算对现有客户来说更安全，并刺激云服务的采用。这将意味着更多的人为计算支付更少的费用，从而在整个计算生态系统中产生有益的影响。教育重点包括教授研究生如何教学（应用 K-12 学生教学模式）、研究生和本科生指导、课程开发以及对代表性不足群体的推广。