CAREER: Understanding Processes related to Arroyo systems, southern Utah

职业：了解与犹他州南部阿罗约系统相关的过程

• 批准号: 1057192
• 负责人: Tammy Rittenour
• 金额: $ 49.79万
• 依托单位: Utah State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1057192&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Understanding; Processes; related; Arroyo

EAR-1057192 CAREER: Understanding Processes related to Arroyo systems, southern UtahTammy Rittenour, Utah State UniversityThis CAREER grant project is designed to test hypotheses about the driving mechanisms that have led to repeated (and poorly understood) entrenchment and re-aggradation events (arroyo cut-fill cycles) in six adjoining semi-arid drainages in southern Utah. Methods and proposed activities follow three research objectives, each designed to approach this longstanding 'arroyo problem' from different angles. These are 1) developing a detailed and well-dated stratigraphic record of past cut-fill cycles (using optically stimulated luminescence, or OSL, and radiocarbon dating) and completing geomorphic mapping and GIS analysis of the watersheds, 2) investigating the processes that drive aggradation by characterizing sediment production and erosion rates using cosmogenic radionuclide analysis (10Be) of channel sediment and an innovative application relating OSL characteristics and sediment erosion rates, and 3) understanding the driving forces behind rapid arroyo entrenchment by investigating the modern flood hydrology and inter-annual discharge variability as well as using tree-ring chronologies to extend the instrumental record of precipitation and discharge. Together, these research methods and aims are designed to bring new data and analyses to bear on the 'arroyo problem? --a long-standing geomorphic and land management challenge in the southwestern US.At the turn of the last century (1880 +/- 30 AD), numerous rivers and streams in the southwestern US rapidly incised into their floodplains forming deep arroyos (up to 30m deep within years to decades), and left settlements and homesteads perched above their water sources. This rapid event is one of the most significant geomorphic events in the SW US and has caused numerous environmental and economic problems. This project will use a multi-tiered set of modern analyses in six adjoining drainages in southern Utah to re-address long-standing questions related to the 'arroyo problem'. This research on the response of semi-arid river systems to past change is especially timely given projected changes in drought frequency and flood severity under future greenhouse gas conditions. This CAREER grant has a significant education component and will include outreach to the local rural school districts and land managers within the regions impacted by the streams being studied.

职业生涯：了解与阿罗约系统相关的过程，南犹他州塔米Rittenour，犹他州州立大学这个职业生涯补助金项目的目的是测试有关的驱动机制，导致重复（和了解甚少）的壕沟和再加积事件（阿罗约切割填充周期）在六个相邻的半干旱排水系统在南犹他州的假设。 方法和拟议的活动遵循三个研究目标，每个目的是从不同的角度来处理这个长期存在的“阿罗约问题”。 这些是：1）对过去的切割-填充循环进行详细的、日期明确的地层记录（利用光释光和放射性碳测年），完成流域地貌制图和地理信息系统分析，2）通过使用宇宙成因放射性核素分析（10 Be）表征沉积物产生和侵蚀速率来调查驱动沉积的过程河道沉积物和创新的应用有关的OSL特性和沉积物侵蚀率，3）通过现代洪水水文学和年际流量变化的调查，以及利用树-年轮年表，以扩展降水和流量的仪器记录。 总之，这些研究方法和目标的目的是带来新的数据和分析，以承担'阿罗约问题？--美国西南部长期存在的地貌和土地管理挑战。上个世纪之交（公元1880 +/- 30年），美国西南部的许多河流和溪流迅速切入洪泛区，形成深深的河谷（几年到几十年内深达30 m），并留下栖息在水源上方的定居点和家园。 这一快速事件是美国西南部最重要的地貌事件之一，并造成了许多环境和经济问题。 该项目将在犹他州南部的六个相邻的排水系统中使用一套多层次的现代分析，以重新解决与“阿罗约问题”有关的长期存在的问题。鉴于未来温室气体条件下干旱频率和洪水严重程度的预测变化，关于半干旱河流系统对过去变化的响应的研究特别及时。 这项事业赠款有一个重要的教育组成部分，将包括推广到当地农村学区和土地管理人员在受正在研究的溪流影响的地区。