CAREER: Understanding Processes related to Arroyo systems, southern Utah

职业：了解与犹他州南部阿罗约系统相关的过程

• 批准号: 1057192
• 负责人: Tammy Rittenour
• 金额: $ 49.79万
• 依托单位: Utah State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1057192&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Understanding; Processes; related; Arroyo

EAR-1057192 CAREER: Understanding Processes related to Arroyo systems, southern UtahTammy Rittenour, Utah State UniversityThis CAREER grant project is designed to test hypotheses about the driving mechanisms that have led to repeated (and poorly understood) entrenchment and re-aggradation events (arroyo cut-fill cycles) in six adjoining semi-arid drainages in southern Utah. Methods and proposed activities follow three research objectives, each designed to approach this longstanding 'arroyo problem' from different angles. These are 1) developing a detailed and well-dated stratigraphic record of past cut-fill cycles (using optically stimulated luminescence, or OSL, and radiocarbon dating) and completing geomorphic mapping and GIS analysis of the watersheds, 2) investigating the processes that drive aggradation by characterizing sediment production and erosion rates using cosmogenic radionuclide analysis (10Be) of channel sediment and an innovative application relating OSL characteristics and sediment erosion rates, and 3) understanding the driving forces behind rapid arroyo entrenchment by investigating the modern flood hydrology and inter-annual discharge variability as well as using tree-ring chronologies to extend the instrumental record of precipitation and discharge. Together, these research methods and aims are designed to bring new data and analyses to bear on the 'arroyo problem? --a long-standing geomorphic and land management challenge in the southwestern US.At the turn of the last century (1880 +/- 30 AD), numerous rivers and streams in the southwestern US rapidly incised into their floodplains forming deep arroyos (up to 30m deep within years to decades), and left settlements and homesteads perched above their water sources. This rapid event is one of the most significant geomorphic events in the SW US and has caused numerous environmental and economic problems. This project will use a multi-tiered set of modern analyses in six adjoining drainages in southern Utah to re-address long-standing questions related to the 'arroyo problem'. This research on the response of semi-arid river systems to past change is especially timely given projected changes in drought frequency and flood severity under future greenhouse gas conditions. This CAREER grant has a significant education component and will include outreach to the local rural school districts and land managers within the regions impacted by the streams being studied.

EAR-1057192职业：了解与犹他州南部塔米·里特努尔的阿罗约系统相关的过程犹他州州立大学这个职业资助项目旨在测试有关驱动机制的假说，这些机制导致犹他州南部六个毗邻的半干旱排水系统反复(且知之甚少)挖坑和再淤积事件(阿罗约挖方-填方循环)。方法和拟议的活动遵循三个研究目标，每个目标都旨在从不同的角度探讨这个长期存在的“阿罗约问题”。这些步骤是：1)编制关于过去挖填周期的详细和准确的地层记录(使用光激发发光或OSL和放射性碳测年)，并完成流域的地貌测绘和地理信息系统分析；2)利用航道沉积物的宇宙放射性核素分析(10Be)，以及与OSL特征和泥沙侵蚀速率有关的创新应用，调查驱动淤积的过程；3)通过调查现代洪水水文学和年际流量变异性以及利用树轮计时法扩展降水和流量的仪器记录，了解快速阿罗约壕沟背后的驱动力。总而言之，这些研究方法和目的旨在为“阿罗约问题”带来新的数据和分析。阿罗约问题是美国西南部长期存在的地貌和土地管理挑战。在上个世纪之交(公元1880年+/-30年)，美国西南部的许多河流和小溪迅速冲入泛滥平原，形成了深达30米深的阿罗约(在几年到几十年内深达30米)，留下了居民点和宅基地，高于他们的水源。这一快速事件是美国西南部最重要的地貌事件之一，并造成了许多环境和经济问题。该项目将在犹他州南部的六个毗邻的排水系统中使用一套多层次的现代分析方法，以重新解决与阿罗约问题相关的长期存在的问题。考虑到未来温室气体条件下干旱频率和洪水严重程度的预测变化，这项关于半干旱河流系统对过去变化的反应的研究尤其及时。这项职业补助金有一个重要的教育部分，将包括与受研究河流影响的区域内的当地农村学区和土地管理人员进行接触。