Prenatal Origins of Infant Social Responsiveness

婴儿社会反应的产前起源

• 批准号: 1057898
• 负责人: Robert Lickliter
• 金额: $ 43.51万
• 依托单位: Florida International University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-06-15 至 2015-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1057898&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Prenatal; Origins; Infant; Social; Responsiveness

In this project, Dr. Lickliter will examine whether and to what extent prenatal sensory experience contributes to the emergence and development of postnatal social responsiveness. Although social responsiveness is a fundamental characteristic of human infant behavior and supports emotional, cognitive, and language development, little is currently known about the possible roles of prenatal sensory experience in neonatal social behavior. As a result of this gap in our knowledge, some developmental scientists have suggested that infant social responsiveness is innate, independent of prior experience. Our lack of knowledge in this area is due in part to the very restricted prenatal manipulations possible with human fetuses. Working with an animal model, the bobwhite quail, Dr. Lickliter and his research team have previously shown that prenatal sensory experience plays a key role in establishing postnatal perceptual preferences in the neonate. This research project will extend this work to determine what types of prenatal experiences facilitate the emergence of early social skills, including social orienting, social contingency detection and learning, and the ability for individual recognition of social partners. By comparing quail chicks who received modified prenatal sensory experience with chicks who received typical patterns of prenatal sensory experience, this project will uncover what types and amounts of prenatal experience promote or interfere with the development of neonatal social responsiveness. The findings of this project will provide a foundation for understanding the relationship between prenatal experience and postnatal behavior and will inform research directions for human-based studies of early perceptual, cognitive, and social development.The results of this work will allow better integration of the prenatal period into current theories of both typical and atypical behavioral development. For example, the findings obtained can inform the care and management of preterm infants, who make up 12% of births in the US and are at risk for atypical perceptual, cognitive, and social outcomes as a result of being deprived of normal patterns of prenatal sensory experience. The project will also provide multiple training opportunities for graduate and undergraduate students from ethnically diverse backgrounds. The results of this work will be broadly disseminated in presentations at conferences, colloquia, journal publications, and book chapters.

在这个项目中，lickl博士将研究产前感官体验是否以及在多大程度上有助于出生后社会反应的出现和发展。虽然社会反应是人类婴儿行为的基本特征，并支持情感、认知和语言发展，但目前对产前感觉体验在新生儿社会行为中的可能作用知之甚少。由于我们知识上的这一差距，一些发展科学家认为婴儿的社会反应是天生的，独立于先前的经验。我们在这方面缺乏知识的部分原因是由于对人类胎儿的产前操作非常有限。lickl博士和他的研究小组之前曾以一种动物模型——山鹑为研究对象，证明了产前的感官体验在建立新生儿出生后的感知偏好方面起着关键作用。这个研究项目将扩展这项工作，以确定哪些类型的产前经历有助于早期社会技能的出现，包括社会定向、社会偶然性检测和学习，以及个人对社会伙伴的识别能力。通过比较接受改良产前感觉体验的鹌鹑雏鸟与接受典型产前感觉体验模式的雏鸟，本项目将揭示产前体验的类型和数量促进或干扰新生儿社会反应的发展。本项目的研究结果将为理解产前经验和产后行为之间的关系提供基础，并为人类早期感知、认知和社会发展的研究提供方向。这项工作的结果将允许更好地整合产前期到目前的理论，典型和非典型的行为发展。例如，获得的研究结果可以为早产儿的护理和管理提供信息，早产儿占美国新生儿的12%，由于被剥夺了正常的产前感觉体验模式，他们面临着非典型感知、认知和社会结果的风险。该项目还将为来自不同种族背景的研究生和本科生提供多种培训机会。这项工作的结果将在会议、座谈会、期刊出版物和书籍章节的报告中广泛传播。