MRI RAPID: Increasing through-put of novel Ramped Pyrolysis Radiocarbon Preparation Technique for Gulf Coast oil spill studies - Instrumentation Development

1058517罗森海姆核磁共振快速奖资助一种新的分析技术的技术开发，该技术根据沉积有机物质的不稳定性来分离。快速提案将增加样品吞吐量，使Macondo井口井喷样品能够进行独立分析，并将有助于阐明与自然和墨西哥湾漏油相关的地貌过程(土地利用、下沉、海平面上升、沉积物饥饿)的有机物分解反应动力学。斜坡热解技术是基于一个基本假设，即较老的沉积有机物质更稳定，因此在更高的温度下分解-在相同的沉积物中-比较年轻的沉积有机物质。石油既是陈旧的，又可能不稳定，这取决于风化程度，它将挑战这一假设。技术开发资金将用于更好地了解含石油污染物的沉积有机物质的热解动力学。资金将用于建造一个带有一些共享部件的平行反应堆，专门用于与漏油有关的研究，并对中断分解的热解残留物进行化学实验。固体核磁共振将用于测定反应不同阶段的热解残渣的化学成分。最终，放射性碳分析和X射线近边吸附可能被用来区分石油衍生物质和天然有机物。将从墨西哥湾沿岸的不同地点和地区测量新沉积的石油、严重风化的石油和原始的海岸沉积物，提供动力学模型，根据这些模型可以在未来几年到几十年内从石油污染的角度研究海岸地貌。寻求快速融资是为了利用及时获得这一信息的需要，同时新鲜石油仍在墨西哥湾沿岸冲刷上岸，刚刚开始经受风化并融入沉积环境。这一快速研究将支持一系列研究，从石油泄漏导致的当地沿海地貌变化，到沉积物序列中难以确定的沉积层的年代学，再到河流碳循环。几名本科生将参加实地考察、样品制备和分析。PI.编制了一份等待名单，名单上有来自不同学术背景的本科生，他们渴望实地考察和分析经验。该项目将增进对泥沙淤积沼泽和红树林石油退化可能导致的地貌变化的了解。该项目将加强研究生和本科生的教学。目前的研究生包括3名未被充分代表的少数民族学生和2名女性。鉴于公众对墨西哥湾漏油事件的担忧，结果将与现有的K-12外联计划相吻合，并获得高度知名度。圆周率。与格兰德岛州立公园的公园经理建立了良好的工作关系，并定期与公园分享涉及漏油事件的实地调查数据和观察结果。针对环境的信息将创建一个更广泛的知识库，从而更好地理解有关清理和土地利用变化的决定。***

1058517RosenheimThis MRI RAPID award funds technical development of a novel analytic technique which separates sedimentary organic material based on its lability. RAPID proposal will increase sample throughput to allow Macondo wellhead blowout samples to be independently analyzed and will help elucidate organic material decomposition reaction kinetics for natural and Gulf-oil spill related geomorphological processes (land use, subsidence, sea level rise, sediment starvation). The ramped pyrolysis technique is based on the underlying hypothesis that older sedimentary organic material is more stable and thus breaks down at a higher temperature than younger sedimentary organic material - within the same sediment. Oil, being both old and potentially labile depending on degree of weathering, will challenge this hypothesis. Technical development funds will be used to better understand pyrolytic decomposition kinetics in sedimentary organic material containing oil pollutants. Funding will be used to build a parallel reactor, with some shared components, devoted to oil-spill related research and to perform chemical experimentation on pyrolysis residuals of interrupted decompositions. Solid state NMR will be used to determine pyrolysis residue chemical compositions during different stages in the reaction. Ultimately, radiocarbon analysis and X-ray near edge adsorption may be employed to differentiate the oil-derived material from natural organic matter. Freshly deposited oil, heavily weathered oil, and pristine coastal sediment will be measured from different sites and regions of the Gulf Coast, providing kinetics models from which coastal geomorphology can be investigated in terms of oil pollution during the next several years to decades. RAPID funding is sought to capitalize on the need to gain this information in a timely fashion while fresh oil is still washing ashore along the Gulf Coast and just beginning to weather and incorporate into sedimentary environments. This RAPID will support studies ranging from local coastal geomorphologic changes due to the oil spill to chronology of difficult-to-date sediment horizons in sediment sequences to riverine carbon cycling. Several undergraduate students will participate in fieldwork, sample preparation, and analyses. The P.I. has compiled a waiting list of undergraduates from different academic backgrounds that are eager for field and analytical experience. This project will advance knowledge of geomorphologic changes that may result from oil degradation of sediment-trapping marshes and mangroves. The project will enhance teaching at graduate and undergraduate levels. Current graduate students include 3 underrepresented minority students and two women. Results will be dovetailed into existing K-12 outreach programs and gain high visibility given the public concern over the Gulf oil spill. The PI . has established an excellent working relationship with the park manager at Grand Isle State Park and has routinely shared with the park data and observations from field surveys involving the oil spill. Environment-specific information will create a broader knowledge base whereby decisions concerning the cleanup and land-use change will be better understood. ***