Collaborative Research: Multi-Scale Drivers and Effects of Biotic Change in the Global Mangrove-Saltmarsh Ecotone

合作研究：全球红树林-盐沼生态交错带生物变化的多尺度驱动因素和影响

• 批准号: 1065098
• 负责人: Leslie Pick
• 金额: $ 33.01万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-06-15 至 2017-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1065098&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Multi; Scale; Drivers

Mangrove forests that dominate tropical coastal wetlands globally are expanding their latitudinal ranges and invading areas historically dominated by temperate zone salt marshes. Both mangroves and salt marshes provide critical ecosystem services that include filtering water, retaining nutrients, buffering shorelines from storms, supporting unique biodiversity, and serving as nurseries for commercially and recreationally important fisheries. However, the two habitats differ dramatically in structure and are likely to differ substantially in the rates and magnitudes of these ecosystem services. Funds provided by this award will support a multidisciplinary approach to understand the consequences of climate variation, nutrient enrichment, and land development on the rapid and ongoing conversion of salt marshes into mangrove forests at regional to continental scales. Aerial and satellite remote sensing will be used to document the rate and extent of mangrove spread within tropical/temperate boundary zones over the last half century. Large scale field experiments replicated across biogeographic regions will test alternative mechanisms for these shifts in coastal wetland composition and determine the effects on nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, and food web dynamics. Statistical and simulation modeling will be used to predict future changes in coastal wetland communities. By identifying the relative importance of environmental and biotic factors across local to global scales of organization, data and models developed in this study will help wetlands management by resource managers, fisheries agencies, and conservationists. Findings from this study will be made available through highly visible exhibits and online sites for educators through the Ocean Portal, a collaborative effort among the Smithsonian, NOAA, and the Ocean Conservancy. Postdoctoral researchers, graduate students, and undergraduate students will be trained in a variety of interdisciplinary techniques, resulting in a collaborative effort that brings together researchers from universities, government, and federal agencies.

在全球热带沿海湿地中占主导地位的红树林正在扩大其纬度范围，并入侵历史上由温带盐沼占主导地位的地区。 红树林和盐沼都提供关键的生态系统服务，包括过滤水，保留营养物质，缓冲风暴对海岸线的影响，支持独特的生物多样性，并作为商业和娱乐重要渔业的苗圃。然而，这两种生境在结构上有很大的不同，在这些生态系统服务的速率和规模上也可能有很大的不同。该奖项提供的资金将支持多学科方法，以了解气候变化，养分富集和土地开发对盐沼快速和持续转化为红树林森林的影响。将利用航空和卫星遥感记录过去半个世纪热带/温带边界地区内红树林的扩散速度和范围。 大规模的实地实验复制整个海洋地理区域将测试这些变化的替代机制，在沿海湿地组成，并确定对养分循环，固碳和食物网动态的影响。 统计和模拟模型将用于预测沿海湿地群落的未来变化。通过确定环境和生物因素的相对重要性，在本地到全球范围内的组织，数据和模型在这项研究中开发的将有助于资源管理人员，渔业机构和保护湿地管理。这项研究的结果将通过史密森尼学会，NOAA和海洋保护协会之间的合作努力，通过海洋门户网站，通过高度可见的展览和在线网站提供给教育工作者。 博士后研究人员，研究生和本科生将接受各种跨学科技术的培训，从而使来自大学，政府和联邦机构的研究人员共同努力。