Kinematically Complete Measurements for Positron Impact Ionization of Atoms and Simple Molecules

原子和简单分子正电子碰撞电离的运动学完整测量

• 批准号: 1068845
• 负责人: Dennis Mueller
• 金额: $ 42万
• 依托单位: University of North Texas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-15 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1068845&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Kinematically; Complete; Measurements; Positron; Impact

This project comprises an international collaboration to address precision measurements of fundamental interactions between antimatter and matter. Positrons (sometimes referred to as the anti-particle of the electron), impinging upon atoms and simple molecules, provide a unique opportunity to study the fundamental physics of these interactions. We measure the initial and final state momentum of each of the particles in a kinematically complete experiment. This provides the most stringent of criteria for comparing experiment with theory, and for studying the physics of highly correlated systems. In the case of simple molecules, it also enables us to extend the study of interactions to spatially-oriented molecules.The understanding of these interactions is essential to precision modeling of positrons interacting with more complex molecules and may lead to diverse applications such as enhanced resolution for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scans and the effects of beta decay of radio-isotopes on human tissue. It is a collaborative effort including scientists from the Australian Research Council's Center of Excellence for Antimatter-Matter Studies (CAMS) headquartered at the Australian National University and the Max-Planck-Institüt fur Kernphysik in Heidelberg. This research includes post-doctoral researchers and graduate and undergraduate students in an international "one-world" environment. As is often the case for these laboratory scale experiments, the students and post-docs are involved in all aspects of the research, from conception and development of the experimental apparatus through to the operation and diagnosis of the experiments, and analysis and publication of results.

该项目包括一项国际合作，以解决反物质和物质之间基本相互作用的精确测量问题。 正电子（有时被称为电子的反粒子），撞击原子和简单分子，为研究这些相互作用的基础物理提供了独特的机会。 我们在一个运动学完整的实验中测量每个粒子的初始和最终状态动量。 这为比较实验与理论，以及研究高度相关系统的物理提供了最严格的标准。 在简单分子的情况下，它也使我们能够将相互作用的研究扩展到空间取向的分子，这些相互作用的理解是必不可少的精确建模的正电子与更复杂的分子相互作用，并可能导致不同的应用，如提高分辨率的正电子发射断层扫描（PET）扫描和放射性同位素的β衰变对人体组织的影响。 这是一项合作努力，包括来自澳大利亚研究理事会反物质研究卓越中心（CAMS）的科学家，总部设在澳大利亚国立大学和海德堡的马克斯普朗克核物理学研究所。 这项研究包括博士后研究人员和研究生和本科生在国际“一个世界”的环境。 通常情况下，这些实验室规模的实验，学生和博士后参与研究的各个方面，从概念和实验仪器的开发，通过实验的操作和诊断，以及结果的分析和出版。