Precision Measurements with Polarized Spins

这项研究计划旨在使用原子物理工具执行精确的共磁测量，以实现对粒子物理标准模型以外的新物理的灵敏搜索。这些实验将使用双组分脉泽，同时使用光泵Xe-129和He-3气体。通过使用其中一个稀有气体脉泽作为辅助磁力计，并通过与原子钟相比稳定其脉泽频率，人们可以精确地控制第二个稀有气体脉泽的磁场环境，然后将这种脉泽用作耦合到稀有气体原子核的新物理的非常灵敏的传感器，而原子电子没有显著的贡献。将进行的实验包括对中子洛伦兹对称性(相对论的基本方面之一)和CPT(电荷共轭、宇称和时间反转)对称性的灵敏测试。该计划的广泛影响包括将本研究基于原子物理的精密测量技术应用于开发新的磁测量和生物成像工具。吸入人体肺部的超极化稀有气体在低磁场下的磁共振成像(MRI)和钻石中的原子状氮空位(NV)色心就是两个例子，它们可能提供灵敏的磁强计来监测神经元网络中的电磁活动。

This research program is aimed at performing precision co-magnetometry using atomic physics tools to enable sensitive searches for new physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. These experiments will employ a dual-species maser operating simultaneously with optically-pumped Xenon-129 and Helium-3 gas. By using one of the noble-gas masers as a co-magnetometer, and stabilizing its maser frequency by comparison to an atomic clock, one can precisely control the magnetic field environment of the second noble-gas maser and then employ this maser as a very sensitive sensor for new physics that couples to the noble gas nucleus, with no significant contribution from the atomic electrons. The experiments to be carried out include a sensitive test of Lorentz symmetry (one of the fundamental aspects of the theory of relativity) and CPT (Charge conjugation, Parity, and Time reversal) symmetry for the neutron.Broader impacts of the program include the application of the atomic physics based precision measurement techniques of this research into the development of novel tools for magnetometry and bioimaging. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at low magnetic fields of hyperpolarized noble gas inhaled into human lungs and atom-like Nitrogen Vacancy (NV) color centers in diamond, which may provide sensitive magnetometers to monitor electromagnetic activity in neuronal networks, are two examples.