Doctoral Dissertation Research: Status Characteristics and Differential Patterns of Trust

博士论文研究：信任的地位特征与差异模式

• 批准号: 1102946
• 负责人: Alison Bianchi
• 金额: $ 0.51万
• 依托单位: University of Iowa
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-05-15 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1102946&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Status; Characteristics

SES-1102946Alison BianchiCeleste Campos-CastilloUniversity of IowaHow is trust and influence organized in groups where the goal is to improve the situation of a single member? Oftentimes an individual will seek the advice of others to benefit his or her own situation: patients seek the health advice of physicians, students attend tutoring sessions to improve their grades, and defendants waiting to stand trial request assistance from a lawyer. In these situations, trust in those providing advice and acceptance of their influence may become critical for improving outcomes. These situations can become complex with both status and role-identity distinctions jointly governing the interaction process. Status is your standing in a group, based on your relative prestige. Role-identities, in this context, are the meanings we attach to our positions in a group. Status characteristics theory (SCT) will be used to inform our understanding of this specific group setting. The goals of this doctoral dissertation research project are to: 1) provide a test of SCT in this setting; 2) integrate the emergence of trust into SCT related research; and 3) integrate role-identity theory into SCT. These will be achieved by making modifications to a standard experimental setting used in this line of research. Broader ImpactThe results of this laboratory experiment will extend our understanding of SCT, role-identities, and trust as these have not been examined concurrently. By understanding these relationships, we gain insight into how trust is shaped in occupations primarily engaged with providing expert advice to others ? professionals. Trust in professionals has generally been on the decline, a trend with important implications for not only sociology, but also the fields of these professionals (e.g., medicine, law, psychology, education). Research illuminating these processes might eventually point to ways that will restore trust in professionals, a condition particularly important for patients since trust in the medical care provider can have dramatic effects on health outcome.

爱荷华州大学的艾莉森·比安奇·塞莱斯特·坎波斯-卡斯蒂略如何将信任和影响力组织成小组，目标是改善单一成员的状况？个人往往会寻求他人的建议，以利于自己的情况：患者寻求医生的健康建议，学生参加辅导课程以提高他们的成绩，等待受审的被告请求律师帮助。在这种情况下，信任那些提供建议的人并接受他们的影响可能成为改善结果的关键。这些情况可能会变得复杂，身份和角色-身份的区别共同管理着互动过程。地位是你在一个群体中的地位，基于你的相对声望。在这个背景下，角色认同是我们赋予我们在一个群体中的职位的意义。身份特征理论(SCT)将被用来帮助我们理解这一特定的群体环境。本博士论文研究项目的目标是：1)在此背景下对SCT进行检验；2)将信任的产生整合到SCT的相关研究中；3)将角色认同理论融入SCT。这些将通过对这一研究中使用的标准实验设置进行修改来实现。更广泛的影响本实验室实验的结果将扩大我们对SCT、角色认同和信任的理解，因为这些都没有同时进行检查。通过理解这些关系，我们就能洞察到，在主要为他人提供专家建议的职业中，信任是如何形成的？专业人士。对专业人员的信任总体上在下降，这一趋势不仅对社会学，而且对这些专业人员的领域(例如，医学、法律、心理学、教育)都具有重要影响。阐明这些过程的研究可能最终会指出恢复对专业人员的信任的方法，这对患者来说尤其重要，因为对医疗保健提供者的信任可能会对健康结果产生巨大影响。