NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology for FY 2011

2011 财年 NSF 生物学博士后奖学金

• 批准号: 1103664
• 负责人: Fulton Rockwell
• 金额: $ 12.3万
• 依托单位: Rockwell Fulton E
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1103664&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; Postdoctoral; Fellowship; Biology; FY

This action funds an NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology for FY 2011, Intersections of Biology and Mathematical and Physical Sciences. The fellowship supports a research and training plan in a host laboratory for the Fellow whose plan involves innovation at the intersection of biology with physics and applied mathematics. The research and training plan for this fellowship to Fulton Rockwell is entitled, "Is water lost from plant leaves as a liquid or a vapor?? The host institutions for this research are Cornell University and University of Chicago; and the sponsoring scientists are Drs. Abraham Stroock and Charles Kevin Boyce.A fundamental gap in our understanding of leaf structure and function is whether transpiration follows a predominantly vapor or liquid path between the leaf veins and the `valves' on the leaf surface, the stomata. Answering this question will inform not only our understanding of leaf function, but also stomatal regulation of transpiration and the contributions of leaf structure to instantaneous water use efficiency, that is, carbon gained per water molecule transpired. The dominant mode of transport inside transpiring leaves remains an open question precisely because it occurs at the intersection of biology, chemical thermodynamics and transport phenomena. To address the question of competition between liquid and vapor, a combination of modeling and experimental determination of the internal geometry and material properties of leaves is being employed. Training in coupled heat and mass transport is provided by the Stroock lab at Cornell University, whose members combine expertise in chemical engineering and microfluidics with an interest in bio-mimetic design. Expertise in obtaining structural information from analysis of micro-CT scans of leaves comes from training in the Boyce lab, at the University of Chicago, which seeks to reconstruct the physiology of fossil plants based on structure-function relations observed in extant lineages. Broader impacts include developing educational materials appropriate to both adults and school groups on the life of trees that incorporate a perspective on plants informed by the research results.

这项行动资助了 2011 财年 NSF 生物学博士后研究奖学金，即生物学与数学和物理科学的交叉领域。该奖学金支持研究员所在实验室的研究和培训计划，该计划涉及生物学、物理学和应用数学交叉领域的创新。富尔顿·罗克韦尔这项奖学金的研究和培训计划的标题是：“植物叶子中的水分是以液体还是蒸汽的形式流失？这项研究的主办机构是康奈尔大学和芝加哥大学；资助科学家是亚伯拉罕·斯特罗克博士和查尔斯·凯文·博伊斯博士。我们对叶子结构和功能理解的一个根本差距是，蒸腾作用是沿着叶脉之间主要是蒸汽还是液体的路径进行。 以及叶表面的“阀门”，即气孔。回答这个问题不仅可以帮助我们了解叶片功能，还可以了解蒸腾作用的气孔调节以及叶片结构对瞬时水分利用效率（即每个水分子蒸腾获得的碳）的贡献。蒸腾叶子内的主要运输模式仍然是一个悬而未决的问题，因为它发生在生物学、化学热力学和运输现象的交叉点。至 为了解决液体和蒸汽之间的竞争问题，正在采用建模和实验确定叶子内部几何形状和材料特性相结合的方法。康奈尔大学 Stroock 实验室提供热与质量耦合传输方面的培训，该实验室的成员将化学工程和微流体学方面的专业知识与对仿生设计的兴趣结合起来。从叶子的微型 CT 扫描分析中获取结构信息的专业知识来自博伊斯的培训 芝加哥大学实验室致力于根据现存谱系中观察到的结构功能关系重建化石植物的生理学。更广泛的影响包括开发适合成人和学校团体的关于树木生命的教育材料，其中纳入了研究结果所告知的植物观点。