NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology for FY 2011

2011 财年 NSF 生物学博士后奖学金

• 批准号: 1103692
• 负责人: Silvia Newell
• 金额: $ 18.9万
• 依托单位: Bulow Silvia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1103692&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; Postdoctoral; Fellowship; Biology; FY

This action funds an NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology for FY 2011, Broadening Participation. The fellowship supports a research and training plan in a host laboratory for the Fellow who also presents a plan to broaden participation in biology. The title of the research and training plan for this fellowship to Silvia Newell is "Activity of nitrogen fixers and denitrifiers in coastal sediments." The host institution for this fellowship is Boston University and the sponsoring scientist is Dr. Robinson Fulweiler.Coastal systems are acutely vulnerable to nitrogen pollution, resulting in wide-spread reduced oxygen levels (hypoxia), decreased biodiversity, and increased harmful algal blooms. Nitrogen loading from wastewater into Waquoit Bay is documented and has more than doubled since 1938. Hypoxia in eutrophic coastal ecosystems can also stimulate puzzling microbial responses, including high rates of simultaneous denitrification (nitrogen removal) and nitrogen fixation. Continuing to fix nitrogen when fixed nitrogen is available is energetically unfavorable and leads to the central questions of this research: Why do bacteria turn on nitrogen fixation under nitrogen-replete conditions? Can nitrogen fixation exacerbate eutrophication and greenhouse gas production? This research investigates the distributions and activities of denitrifying and nitrogen-fixing bacteria within the sediment to determine if the patterns are consistent with the existence of highly localized, very rapid nitrogen transformations. Training objectives include learning techniques of biogeochemistry including core incubation and isotope methods. Broader impacts include participation in the Women in Science program for 12-14 year olds at the Waquoit Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, as well as outreach to local minority-serving high schools.

该行动为2011财年NSF生物学博士后研究奖学金提供资金，扩大参与。该研究金支持研究员在东道实验室的研究和培训计划，研究员还提出了扩大生物学参与的计划。向Silvia纽韦尔提供的研究和培训计划的题目是“沿海沉积物中固氮菌和固氮菌的活性”。“该奖学金的主办机构是波士顿大学，赞助科学家是罗宾逊·富尔韦勒博士。沿海系统极易受到氮污染的影响，导致广泛的氧气水平降低（缺氧），生物多样性下降，有害藻类大量繁殖。 废水中的氮负荷进入瓦奎特湾是有记录的，自1938年以来增加了一倍多。富营养化沿海生态系统中的缺氧也会刺激令人困惑的微生物反应，包括同时进行高速率的反硝化（脱氮）和固氮。 当固定氮可用时继续固定氮在能量上是不利的，并导致本研究的中心问题：为什么细菌在氮充足的条件下开启固氮？固氮会加剧富营养化和温室气体的产生吗？ 本研究调查了沉积物中固氮菌和固氮菌的分布和活动，以确定这些模式是否与高度局部化、非常快速的氮转化的存在相一致。培训目标包括学习地球化学的技术，包括核心孵化和同位素方法。更广泛的影响包括参与瓦奎特湾国家河口研究保护区12-14奥尔兹的妇女参与科学方案，以及与当地少数民族高中的联系。