Dissipation and sequestration of veterinary medicines in soil under dynamic moisture conditions

动态湿度条件下土壤中兽药的消散和封存

• 批准号: 201191289
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Wulf Amelung
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Bodenkunde und Bodenerhaltung
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2010-12-31 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/201191289?language=en
• 关键词: Dissipation; sequestration; veterinary; medicines; soil

In the 1st phase of this Research Unit, we found that sulfadiazine (SDZ) and its 4-OH-metabolite are sequestered in soil in significant amounts when applied with animal manure under controlled laboratory conditions. N-Ac-SDZ decayed rapidly to the parent compound. The results of the 2nd phase suggested that the sequestration processes are driven by entropy, i.e., diffusion into small voids. Dissipation of SDZ and its metabolites under field conditions could be predicted reasonably well by temperature-adjustment of dissipation rates derived from the laboratory incubation of the 1st phase (10°C) and a mesocosm experiment of the 2nd phase (21°C). Nevertheless, the results of the field trial indicate a deviation from predicted dissipation at extremely dry and very wet conditions, suggesting a pronounced influence of soil moisture on dissipation and sequestration of SDZ in soil. It is therefore the major goal of our project to elucidate the relevance of changing soil moisture on the field sequestration of SDZ. In particular we aim at (i) quantifying to which extent drying-wetting cycles accelerate sequestration (ii) testing the use of the stable-isotope signature of SDZ to characterize the “age” of SDZ contaminations, and (iii) finalizing running experiments on the dissipation and sequestration of difloxacin under field conditions. We will establish and coordinate a central field experiment II at the Merzenhausen test site with manipulated soil moisture together with project A4. Our project will be responsible for the quantification of SDZ concentrations in soil over time in the central field experiment and the accompanying central laboratory experiment.

在本研究单元的第一期，我们发现在控制的实验室条件下，与动物粪便一起施用磺胺嘧啶（SDZ）及其4- oh代谢物在土壤中有大量的固存。N-Ac-SDZ迅速衰变为母体化合物。第二阶段的结果表明，固存过程是由熵驱动的，即扩散到小空隙中。通过实验室培养第一期（10℃）和中尺度实验第二期（21℃）对耗散率进行温度调节，可以较好地预测SDZ及其代谢物在田间条件下的耗散。然而，田间试验结果表明，在极干和极湿条件下，耗散与预测存在偏差，表明土壤湿度对土壤中SDZ的耗散和封存有显著影响。因此，我们项目的主要目标是阐明土壤湿度变化与SDZ田间封存的相关性。特别是，我们的目标是(i)量化干湿循环加速固存的程度（ii）测试使用SDZ的稳定同位素特征来表征SDZ污染的“年龄”，以及（iii）完成在野外条件下对双氟沙星的消散和固存的运行实验。我们将与项目A4一起在Merzenhausen试验场建立和协调一个中央实地试验II，该试验采用人工土壤湿度。我们的项目将负责中央田间试验和相应的中央实验室试验中土壤中SDZ浓度随时间的定量。