SHF: HCC: Small: Software Design Sketching

软件设计草图是指软件设计师在面对设计问题时，不立即求助于现有的建模工具，而是选择使用纸笔或白板来解决问题并提出解决方案的做法。本研究探讨了现代硬件，如电子白板，平板电脑，以及它们的最新化身，ipad和slate，在创建一个新颖的，计算机支持的软件设计素描环境，显着增强了软件设计素描体验。这件作品由两条交织在一起的线组成。其中一条涉及对三家不同公司的专业软件设计师的实地研究，这些设计师在他们的本地环境中处理实际的设计问题。这些研究的发现将工作锚定在第二部分，包括Calico的设计、开发和评估，这是一个以五个不同特征为中心的设计素描环境：(1)通过精心设计的手势对草图内容进行流畅的操作；(2)通过草稿和软模式将粗糙的草图提炼为精确的模型；(3)通过注释和不精确的语言对不完整和不精确的模型进行近似分析；(4)通过情境化草图将代码抽象为草图；(5)通过意向界面和设计历史视图获取和反思设计历史。该项目开发的技术和工具旨在改变软件设计师的工作方式，并提高最终软件密集型系统的质量，对工业和教育都有影响。

Software design sketching refers to the practice of software designers to, when faced with a design problem, not immediately turn to existing modeling tools, instead choosing to use pen-and-paper or the whiteboard to work through the problem and come up with a solution. This research explores modern hardware such as electronic whiteboards, tablets, and their latest incarnations, iPads and Slates, in creating a novel, computer-supported software design sketching environment that significantly enhances the software design sketching experience.The work consists of two interwoven strands. One strand involves field studies of professional software designers at three different companies working on real design problems in their native environments. Findings from these studies anchor the work in the second strand, which involves the design, development, and evaluation of Calico, a design sketching environment centering on five distinct features: (1) fluid manipulation of sketched content through carefully designed gestures, (2) refinement from rough sketches to precise models through scraps and softmodes, (3) approximate analysis of incomplete and imprecise models via annotations and imprecise languages, (4) abstraction from code to sketch through contextualized sketching, and (5) access to and reflection upon design history through intentional interfaces and design history views.The techniques and tools developed by this project are intended to transform how software designers work and improve the quality of the resulting software-intensive systems, with impact in both in industry and in education.