Collaborative Research: Price determination in ectomycorrhizal symbioses

合作研究：外生菌根共生体的价格决定

• 批准号: 1119865
• 负责人: Jason Hoeksema
• 金额: $ 39万
• 依托单位: University of Mississippi
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1119865&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Price; determination; ectomycorrhizal

Many pairs of species are involved in mutually beneficial exchanges. One of the most widespread and ecologically important types of these mutualisms in nature are associations between fungi in the soil and the roots of plants, known as mycorrhizae (fungus-roots): the fungus exports mineral nutrients such as phosphorus and nitrogen to the plant and the plant exports sources of energy based on carbon to the fungus. However, as in other types of exchanges, the actual net benefits to each partner in these associations can depend upon the current costs of exports and value of imports. The associations may even grade into parasitism of one partner on the other and fall apart when, for example, a rise in the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil makes export from the fungus superfluous to the plant. One difficulty in understanding and predicting when resource exchanges between organisms will be truly beneficial is the problem of comparing apples to oranges: how does one compare the cost of exporting one element, such as carbon, to the benefit of importing a different one, such as nitrogen or phosphorus? This project will try to solve this problem by using economic models to calculate a "price of resource exchange" between species. Laboratory experiments will measure resource exchange prices between the Monterey pine and eight of its mycorrhizal fungi and show how those prices vary over time, as abundances of the resources change, and between the species of fungi. This will test whether scientists can use economics to understand and predict the interactions between species as different as fungi and plants.The project will also help us understand how economically important trees such as the pine respond to changes in soil fertility, and help us more accurately model global cycles of elements such as carbon and nitrogren. In addition, the project will train graduate and undergraduate students from groups that are under-represented in science, and work with teachers in two local high schools to teach younger students about the vital role of fungi in the soil, through a field trip and a year-long experiment right in the classroom.

许多成对的物种都参与了互利的交换。自然界中最广泛和生态上最重要的互惠关系类型之一是土壤中的真菌和植物根部之间的联系，称为真菌根（真菌根）：真菌向植物输出磷和氮等矿物营养素，植物向真菌输出基于碳的能源。 然而，与其他类型的交易所一样，这些协会中每个伙伴的实际净收益可能取决于当前的出口成本和进口价值。当土壤中氮和磷的浓度上升，使真菌向植物输出多余的氮和磷时，这种共生关系甚至可能逐渐演变为一方对另一方的寄生关系，并瓦解。理解和预测生物体之间的资源交换何时真正有益的一个困难是比较苹果和橘子的问题：如何比较出口一种元素（如碳）的成本与进口另一种元素（如氮或磷）的收益？本项目将试图通过使用经济模型计算物种之间的“资源交换价格”来解决这一问题。实验室实验将测量蒙特利松与其八种菌根真菌之间的资源交换价格，并显示这些价格如何随着时间的推移而变化，因为资源的丰度变化，以及真菌物种之间的变化。 这将检验科学家是否能利用经济学来理解和预测真菌和植物等不同物种之间的相互作用。该项目还将帮助我们了解松树等具有重要经济意义的树木如何对土壤肥力的变化做出反应，并帮助我们更准确地模拟碳和氮等元素的全球循环。此外，该项目将培训来自科学代表性不足的群体的研究生和本科生，并与当地两所高中的教师合作，通过实地考察和为期一年的实验，向年轻学生传授真菌在土壤中的重要作用。

项目成果

Dirt cheap: an experimental test of controls on resource exchange in an ectomycorrhizal symbiosis

• DOI: 10.1111/nph.18603
• 发表时间: 2022-11-29
• 期刊: NEW PHYTOLOGIST
• 影响因子: 9.4
• 作者: Horning，Amber L.;Koury，Stephanie S.;Hoeksema，Jason D.
• 通讯作者: Hoeksema，Jason D.