Collaborative Research: Meta-Ecosystems and the Upstream Legacy: Influence of Dissolved Organic Matter on the Structure and Function of Streambed Bacterial Communities

合作研究：元生态系统和上游遗产：溶解有机物对河床细菌群落结构和功能的影响

• 批准号: 1120717
• 负责人: Jinjun Kan
• 金额: $ 62.01万
• 依托单位: Stroud Water Research Center
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1120717&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Meta; Ecosystems; Upstream

Organic carbon, in the form of dissolved molecules transported in stream water, is processed for energy by microorganisms that live on the streambed. That processing constitutes a critical link in the global carbon cycle. The sources of much of the stream carbon are the upper layer of soils within small watersheds and algae that live in streams. Looking out over a drainage network, the investigators will explore how the quality of the organic molecules changes with distance downstream and how those changes influence the composition of the communities of streambed microbes using that food resource. To characterize the thousands of individual organic molecules dissolved in stream water and the vast diversity of microorganisms living in streams, the research team will exploit novel methods that link the new frontiers in molecular microbiology and analytical organic geochemistry. This proposal will be carried out in waters that range in size from small streams to small rivers within temperate and tropical forests. The research goals include advancing knowledge of stream ecosystems across drainage networks and forging a broad model of stream ecosystems in the global carbon cycle.Understanding the global carbon cycle is a critical scientific need of society and recent studies suggest that freshwater streams and rivers play a significant role within it. By better understanding the relationships between stream microorganisms and the organic carbon in freshwater streams, this study will contribute to our overall understanding of a key component of the global carbon cycle. Because microorganisms are invisible to the naked eye, getting students excited about the diversity of microorganisms and organic molecules and the complexity of their ecological interactions is difficult. The research team will develop educational materials that depict the basic concepts in microbiology and organic geochemistry with an emphasis on the vital roles that microorganisms play in aquatic ecosystems. At facilities within each of the study catchments the investigators and their educator colleagues will hold two-day summer teacher workshops to expose secondary school teacher to the microbial world of streams. The workshops will be timed to allow participants to mirror the field and laboratory activities of the scientists. In addition, 1 graduate student, 1 post-doctoral scientist, and 7 undergraduates will receive training during the project.

有机碳以溶解分子的形式在溪流中运输，由生活在河床上的微生物加工成能量。这一加工过程是全球碳循环的关键环节。溪流中碳的来源主要是小流域内的上层土壤和生活在溪流中的藻类。在排水网络中，研究人员将探索有机分子的质量如何随着下游距离的变化而变化，以及这些变化如何影响使用该食物资源的河床微生物群落的组成。为了表征溶解在溪流中的数千个有机分子和生活在溪流中的微生物的巨大多样性，研究小组将开发新的方法，将分子微生物学和分析有机地球化学的新前沿联系起来。这一提议将在温带和热带森林内的小溪流到小河流的大小不等的沃茨中进行。研究目标包括提高对跨水系河流生态系统的认识，并建立全球碳循环中河流生态系统的广泛模型。了解全球碳循环是社会的一项重要科学需求，最近的研究表明，淡水河流和河流在其中发挥着重要作用。通过更好地了解河流微生物与淡水河流中有机碳之间的关系，这项研究将有助于我们全面了解全球碳循环的一个关键组成部分。由于微生物是肉眼看不见的，让学生对微生物和有机分子的多样性及其生态相互作用的复杂性感到兴奋是困难的。该研究小组将编写教育材料，介绍微生物学和有机地球化学的基本概念，重点是微生物在水生生态系统中发挥的重要作用。在每个研究集水区的设施中，研究人员和他们的教育工作者同事将举办为期两天的暑期教师研讨会，让中学教师接触到溪流的微生物世界。讲习班的时间安排将使与会者能够反映科学家的实地和实验室活动。此外，1名研究生，1名博士后科学家和7名本科生将在项目期间接受培训。