Collaborative Research: Integrating two different roles of the proton-pumping pyrophosphatase in the regulation and efficiency of carbon utilization and transport in planta

合作研究：整合质子泵焦磷酸酶在植物碳利用和运输的调节和效率中的两种不同作用

• 批准号: 1121819
• 负责人: Brian Ayre
• 金额: $ 38万
• 依托单位: University of North Texas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1121819&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Integrating; two; different

Plant productivity is determined in large part by the partitioning of reduced carbon (sugar) between the sites of production (photosynthetic tissues) and the sites of utilization (growing tissues such as roots and young leaves, etc). To judiciously engineer increased yield of crop plants, a better understanding of the regulation and efficiency of sugar transport throughout the plant is required. Work by the principal investigators and others has shown that the up-regulation of proton-pyrophosphatases (H+-PPases) results in enhanced root and shoot growth and increased photosynthetic output. The principal investigators hypothesize that plant H+-PPases play a crucial role in regulating sucrose synthesis, partitioning and utilization. The hypotheses will be tested using a combination of genetic, metabolomic, molecular biological, and ultra-structural approaches. The research will shed light not only on the fundamental physiological subject of carbon utilization and transport, but also has potential downstream applications since increased H+-PPase activity enhances plant biomass, nutrient uptake capacities, and stress tolerance. With growing populations, decreasing arable land, and a national desire to exploit plants for biofuels, understanding the role of H+-PPases in plant growth could be transformative. The outcomes of this project will be made available to the scientific community through timely publication and by the participation of the principal investigators in their undergraduate and graduate education programs. The professional development of undergraduate and graduate students, and postdoctoral fellows will occur at the interface of genetics, physiology, cell biology and cutting-edge metabolomics. The project participants will work together with the Arizona State University "Ask a Biologist" program to develop topical content on biomass for fuel and how it relates to the movement of energy throughout biological systems.

植物生产力在很大程度上取决于还原碳（糖）在生产部位（光合组织）和利用部位（生长组织，如根和幼叶等）之间的分配。为了明智地设计增加作物产量，需要更好地理解整个植物中糖运输的调节和效率。主要研究人员和其他人的工作表明，质子焦磷酸酶（H+-PPases）的上调导致根和茎的生长增强，光合作用产量增加。主要研究人员假设植物H+-PPases在调节蔗糖合成、分配和利用方面发挥着至关重要的作用。 将使用遗传学、代谢组学、分子生物学和超微结构方法的组合来检验这些假设。该研究不仅将揭示碳利用和运输的基本生理学主题，而且还具有潜在的下游应用，因为增加H+-PPase活性提高植物生物量，营养吸收能力和胁迫耐受性。随着人口增长，耕地减少，以及国家希望利用植物生产生物燃料，了解H+-PPases在植物生长中的作用可能是变革性的。该项目的成果将通过及时出版以及主要研究者参与其本科和研究生教育计划的方式提供给科学界。 本科生和研究生以及博士后研究员的专业发展将发生在遗传学，生理学，细胞生物学和尖端代谢组学的界面上。项目参与者将与亚利桑那州州立大学的“问一个生物学家”计划合作，开发关于生物质燃料的专题内容，以及它如何与整个生物系统的能量运动有关。