Analysis of the Influence of Convectively Coupled Atmospheric Waves and Extratropical Rossby Waves on the Structure and Evolution of the Observed Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO)

热带大气中在行星到天气尺度上组织的湿深对流与从热带和高纬度以及从温带向热带延伸的温带Rossby波一起演变。这种对流部分地被组织成30-60天的东移Madden-Julian振荡(MJO)和更高频率的对流耦合大气赤道波。MJO和这些对流耦合波都与温带外波相互作用。这个项目努力解释这些对流耦合的赤道波和温带波如何相互作用，以及如何以一种导致MJO一些主要属性的方式来解释波浪破碎过程。MJO深刻地影响着对全球极端天气事件的扩展范围(4天)预测，从热带气旋到酷热、寒冷、洪水和干旱。这项研究将为MJO与与这种极端事件相关的温带波相互作用的机制提供洞察力。因此，这项工作具有重大的更广泛的影响。

Moist deep convection organized on planetary to synoptic scales in the tropical atmosphere evolves together with extratropical Rossby waves that extend from the tropics and across high latitudes as well as from the extratropics into the tropics. This convection is organized in part into the 30-60 day eastward-moving Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) and higher frequency convectively coupled atmospheric equatorial waves. Both the MJO and these convectively coupled waves interact with extratropical waves. This project endeavors to explain how these convectively coupled equatorial waves and extratropical waves might interact with each other and the wave breaking process in a manner that causes some of the major attributes of the MJO.The MJO profoundly influences extended range (4+ days) prediction of extreme weather events around the globe ranging from tropical cyclones to excessive heat, cold, floods, and droughts. The study will provide insights into the mechanisms whereby the MJO interacts with extratropical waves that are associated with such extreme events. Thus the work has substantial broader impacts.