Doctoral Dissertation Research: Challenges in Central American Migrant Communities

SES-1128888彼得Katzenstein诺艾尔Brigden康奈尔大学博士论文研究：在中美洲移民社区的挑战摘要几个学术研究已经审查了在边境面临的危险未经授权的移民。但边境地区只代表了中美洲移民漫长而危险的旅程的一部分，他们在穿越墨西哥的秘密路线上面临着越来越多的犯罪暴力沿着。与此同时，美国和墨西哥的内部警务加强了边境巡逻。这些新的移民执法战略针对的是民族国家之间的移民系统的动脉，而不仅仅是他们的边界。沿着这些移徙路线，移民执法改变了移徙做法，但没有根除便利无证移徙的非正规机构和做法。 本论文的研究分析了如何强化警务改变移民的做法，以及它如何影响移民沿着中美洲路线，通过墨西哥到美国。 为此，该研究涉及美国-基于人种学访谈，制图讲习班，并参与观察中美洲移民在不同阶段的旅程。 更广泛的影响公众对移民改革表现出极大的兴趣，既努力减少无证移民的到来，也努力使移民过程更加人道。 边境管制和警务机制的预期和非预期后果引发了大量的公众辩论。 本研究报告旨在使我们了解如何平衡国家安全的需要与确保输出国社会和政治稳定以及移民的安全和福利（包括限制他们遭受暴力和剥削的机会）的需要。

SES-1128888 Peter Katzenstein Noelle Brigden Cornell University Doctoral Dissertation Research: Challenges in Central American Migrant CommunitiesAbstractSeveral academic studies have examined the dangers facing unauthorized migrants at the borders. But the border zone represents only one segment of a long and dangerous journey for Central American migrants, who face increasing criminal violence along clandestine routes through Mexico. Meanwhile, internal policing within the United States and Mexico augments border patrol. These new immigration enforcement strategies target the arteries of the migration system crisscrossing nation-states, not just their frontiers. Along these migratory routes, immigration enforcement has transformed migration practices, but it has not eradicated the informal institutions and practices that facilitate undocumented migration. This dissertation research analyzes how intensified policing transforms migration practices, and how it affects migrants along the Central American routes through Mexico to the United States. To this end, the study involves U.S.-based ethnographic interviews, mapmaking workshops, and participant observation with Central American migrants at various stages in their journeys. Broader ImpactsThe public has shown great interest in immigration reform, both efforts to curtail the arrival of undocumented migrants, as well as efforts to make the process of migration more humane. The intended and unintended consequences of border control and policing mechanisms has sparked considerable public debate. This study seeks to inform our understanding of how to balance the need for national security with the need to ensure social and political stability in sending countries as well as the safety and welfare of migrants (including limiting their exposure to violence and exploitation).