Dimensions: Collaborative Research: Lake Baikal Responses to Global Change: The Role of Genetic, Functional and Taxonomic Diversity in the Plankton

维度：合作研究：贝加尔湖对全球变化的反应：浮游生物遗传、功能和分类多样性的作用

• 批准号: 1136657
• 负责人: Marianne Moore
• 金额: $ 44.15万
• 依托单位: Wellesley College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-15 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1136657&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dimensions; Collaborative; Research; Lake; Baikal

Human-induced global change is altering most ecosystems on Earth. Highly diverse ecosystems may be better buffered against change, maintaining key functions even as the physical environment changes. How ecosystems respond will likely depend on their biodiversity, but how different components of biological diversity (biodiversity) determine ecosystem responses to global change are still poorly understood. Genetic diversity enhances the ability of populations to adapt to change and functional diversity allows different species to carry out key ecosystem functions, but little is known about how these components of diversity will interact with each other and with the number of species present in a changing environment. Sixty years of existing ecological data, field sampling, genetic analyses, experiments, and mathematical models will be used by an interdisciplinary team of researchers to examine multiple aspects of biodiversity in the largest, oldest and most biologically diverse lake in the world, Lake Baikal in Siberia. A major goal of the project will be to develop the ability to predict how this ecosystem will respond to rising temperatures and other stressors. Holding 20% of world's unfrozen fresh water, this UNESCO World Heritage Site is recognized internationally as a globally important freshwater resource, a treasure trove of biodiversity and a unique natural laboratory in which to study evolution. With an unprecedented diversity of endemic species found nowhere else, Lake Baikal serves as a model for ecosystems with highly unique biota and cold aquatic environments undergoing rapid warming.Researchers and students will engage in an interdisciplinary international collaborative research program. Funding will support graduate training in both applied and basic areas of science, including molecular biology, ecology, and informatics. Data collected by this project will be publically available so that they can be used by other scientists and educators. Project results will be communicated to environmental organizations in Russia and the US and to a US-based film team planning an IMAX movie about Baikal and freshwater conservation. School teachers from Michigan, Texas and Tennessee will participate in the project and, together with researchers, develop educational activities on aquatic ecology, biological diversity and global change.

人类引起的全球变化正在改变地球上的大多数生态系统。高度多样化的生态系统可以更好地缓冲变化，即使物理环境发生变化，也能保持关键功能。生态系统如何应对可能取决于其生物多样性，但生物多样性（生物多样性）的不同组成部分如何决定生态系统对全球变化的反应仍然知之甚少。遗传多样性增强了种群适应变化的能力，功能多样性使不同物种能够发挥关键的生态系统功能，但人们对多样性的这些组成部分如何相互作用以及如何与不断变化的环境中存在的物种数量相互作用知之甚少。60年的现有生态数据，实地采样，遗传分析，实验和数学模型将被一个跨学科的研究团队用来研究世界上最大，最古老，生物多样性最丰富的湖泊贝加尔湖的生物多样性的多个方面。该项目的一个主要目标将是发展预测这个生态系统将如何应对气温上升和其他压力的能力。这个联合国教科文组织世界遗产地拥有世界上20%的不冻淡水，被国际公认为全球重要的淡水资源，生物多样性的宝库和研究进化的独特天然实验室。贝加尔湖拥有前所未有的独特物种多样性，是生态系统的典范，具有高度独特的生物群和经历快速变暖的寒冷水生环境。研究人员和学生将参与跨学科的国际合作研究计划。资金将用于支持应用和基础科学领域的研究生培训，包括分子生物学、生态学和信息学。该项目收集的数据将以电子方式提供，供其他科学家和教育工作者使用。项目结果将传达给俄罗斯和美国的环保组织，以及一个计划拍摄贝加尔湖和淡水保护IMAX电影的美国电影团队。来自密歇根州、得克萨斯州和田纳西州的学校教师将参加该项目，并与研究人员一起开展关于水生生态、生物多样性和全球变化的教育活动。