RAPID: Collection of Data on the Performance of Wood Diaphragms in Buildings during the February 2011 Christchurch, New Zealand Earthquake

RAPID：收集 2011 年 2 月新西兰基督城地震期间建筑物中木隔膜性能的数据

• 批准号: 1138609
• 负责人: Roberto Leon
• 金额: $ 4.06万
• 依托单位: Georgia Tech Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-15 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1138609&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Collection; Data; Performance; Wood

This Rapid Response Research (RAPID) award will collect data to document the performance of unreinforced masonry (URM) construction during the February 2011 Christchurch, New Zealand earthquake. Specifically, this award will document the ability of originally constructed and retrofitted floor and roof diaphragms to efficiently distribute loads to all walls and other lateral-load resisting elements. NZ URM construction from 1880 to about 1970 typically used timber joists, rafters, and trusses, very similar to U.S. construction from the same era. The project will catalog seismic performance at both the qualitative and quantitative levels. At the qualitative level, the project will identify weak or poor detailing typical in URMs and effective mitigating technologies. At the quantitative level, the project will develop guidelines for the type and detailing of retrofit measures to be used in strengthening projects in the United States. These guidelines will be developed in close collaboration with the U.S. masonry industry and practitioners to ensure that results from this research will be transferred quickly to American practice.Building stock in large parts of the United States, including most of the east coast and the Midwest, consists of URM construction. This type of building is known to be very susceptible to collapse under earthquake loading; therefore, effective and economical retrofit techniques are needed to mitigate damage and ensure human safety. The Christchurch event provides unique and exceptional data to calibrate current U.S. practices for seismic evaluation and retrofit of these systems, including retrofits that did not bring the structures to 100% of the strength required by current codes. This latter data is important for the case where seismic retrofits will not be carried as a single project, but rather as a series of smaller projects spread over a number of years as other improvements are made to existing URM buildings. This staged approach has been proposed to spread the cost over a longer period and make the retrofits more feasible. The NZ experience will clarify which vulnerabilities need to be addressed first and which techniques should be used.

该快速反应研究（RAPID）奖将收集数据，以记录2011年2月新西兰基督城地震期间无钢筋砌体（URM）建筑的性能。具体而言，该合同将证明最初建造和改造的楼板和屋顶横隔梁有效地将荷载分配到所有墙壁和其他抗横向荷载元件的能力。 从1880年到1970年，新西兰URM建筑通常使用木材托梁，椽子和桁架，与同一时代的美国建筑非常相似。 该项目将在定性和定量两个层面上对抗震性能进行分类。 在质量层面，该项目将确定统一记录和报告系统中典型的薄弱或薄弱细节以及有效的缓解技术。 在数量方面，该项目将为美国用于加强项目的改造措施的类型和细节制定准则。这些指导方针将与美国砌体行业和从业人员密切合作，以确保这项研究的结果将迅速转移到美国的做法。美国大部分地区的建筑存量，包括东海岸和中西部的大部分地区，由URM建筑组成。 众所周知，这种类型的建筑物在地震荷载下非常容易倒塌;因此，需要有效和经济的改造技术来减轻损害并确保人身安全。 基督城事件提供了独特的和特殊的数据，以校准美国目前的做法，抗震评估和改造这些系统，包括改造，没有带来的结构，以100%的强度所要求的现行规范。后者的数据是重要的情况下，抗震改造将不会作为一个单一的项目，而是作为一系列较小的项目，分布在数年的其他改善现有的URM建筑。提出这种分阶段的办法是为了将费用分摊到一个较长的时期，使改造更加可行。 新西兰的经验将澄清哪些漏洞需要首先解决，以及应该使用哪些技术。