Rapid-scan Polarimetric Radar Data Collection and Analysis of the Wind Field in Severe Convective Storms and Tornadoes

强对流风暴和龙卷风风场的快速扫描偏振雷达数据采集和分析

• 批准号: 2214926
• 负责人: Howard Bluestein
• 金额: $ 43.87万
• 依托单位: University of Oklahoma Norman Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-01-01 至 2025-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2214926&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Rapid; scan; Polarimetric; Radar; Data

The main purpose of this project is to use an advanced, mobile, rapidly-scanning Doppler radar to collect data in severe convective storms in the Plains region of the U. S. during the spring, with the objective of analyzing the data to learn more about why tornadoes form and what the detailed wind structure is of both the tornadoes and their parent storms. The results may lead to improved prediction of severe convective storms and the hazards they produce, thereby promoting public safety. It may also help structural engineers to design buildings more resilient to high winds. This project will also support graduate student education; it is expected that the students will ultimately enter the workforce and contribute to societal goals either through their own research activities or through operations.During this project, a mobile, rapid-scan, X-band (3-cm wavelength) polarimetric Doppler radar (RaXPol) will be deployed to collect volumetric data in supercells, with the objective of documenting tornado formation and structure, especially at low altitudes. Comparing theoretical models of the structure of tornadoes and how they evolve with those found in nature will enhance our understanding of tornadoes. Datasets collected in previous years will be analyzed with the same objectives. In particular, a dataset that documented the genesis and evolution of both a cyclonic and anticyclonic tornado in a supercell in northwestern Kansas on 24 May 2021, including a simultaneous video of where the radar was looking, will be studied. The detailed structure of the rare, anticyclonic tornado will be studied to see determine the wind field in the boundary layer, since the vortex passed almost directly over the radar. In addition, existing polarimetric spectra collected last year in supercells will be analyzed and more datasets collected in an attempt to determine if more information can be obtained about the nature and distribution of hydrometeors within storms; these spectra have the potential for increasing our understanding of the production of cold pools, which is known to affect tornadogenesis, and also increase our understanding of the formation of hail.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目的主要目的是使用先进的，移动的，快速扫描的多普勒雷达在春季在美国平原地区的严重对流风暴中收集数据，目的是分析数据，以更多地了解龙卷风形成的原因以及龙卷风和父母风暴的详细风结构是什么。结果可能会改善对对流风暴及其产生的危害的预测，从而促进公共安全。它还可以帮助结构工程师设计对大风更具弹性的建筑物。该项目还将支持研究生教育；预计学生最终将通过自己的研究活动或通过操作来促进社会目标。在此项目中，一个移动的，近距离的，X频段（3厘米波长）极化多普勒雷达（RAXPOL）将被部署在Supercell中，并在Supercell中收集Prometter Mortife and the Optiment and and andOrding andOrding and and and，并将其部署。比较龙卷风结构的理论模型及其与自然界中发现的理论模型将增强我们对龙卷风的理解。在往年收集的数据集将通过相同的目标进行分析。特别是，一个数据集记录了2021年5月24日在堪萨斯州西北部的超级电池中旋风和反气旋龙卷风的起源和演变，其中包括同时研究雷达所在的位置的视频。将研究稀有的反气旋龙卷风的详细结构，以确定边界层中的风场，因为涡流几乎直接通过了雷达。此外，将分析去年在超级电池中收集的现有偏光光谱，并收集更多数据集，以确定是否可以获取有关风暴中HydromeTeors的性质和分布的更多信息；这些光谱具有增加我们对冷池生产的理解的潜力，众所周知，这会影响龙卷风生成，也增加了我们对冰雹形成的理解。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准来评估通过评估来支持的。