RAPID: Mississippi Flood of 2011 - Investigation of Initial Impact on the Landscape

EAR-1140198 Praveen Kumar，Gary Parker，Jim Best，Marcelo Garcia，Bruce Rhoads，Michelle Wander，Jeff Nitrouer，Robert Darmody，Arthur Schmidt，Murugesu Sivolalan，Jonathan Greenberg(大学拟议的快速反应研究拨款的目标是对密西西比河下游选定的地区和受2011年极端洪水影响的周围景观进行实地考察、现场采样和激光雷达调查。PIS感兴趣的是了解Birds Point故意但不受控制的堤坝决口，以及摩根萨和Bonnet Carré溢洪道的工程改道如何影响溪流和周围景观。在拟议的工作中，他们计划(1)通过采样沉积物深度、沉积面积和沉积物粒度分布和地层学来表征洪水沉积；(2)调查土壤形态及其特性，如土壤有机碳、pH、阳离子交换量、质地和容重；(3)通过表征水深、水流和泥沙输送来表征所有三个采集点的景观形态和结构的响应；(4)通过激光雷达测量评估密西西比河和俄亥俄河交汇处附近和下游的景观影响，包括新马德里鸟点(BPNM)防洪道的大段路段。收集的数据将使他们能够评估大型事件，如目前的密西西比河洪水，是否影响河流和周围泛滥平原的长期形式和功能，以及对水流和运输动态的影响的时间尺度。使用这些数据的研究将有助于密西西比河下游流域未来水和泥沙分流的规划。

RAPID: Mississippi Flood of 2011 - Investigation of Initial Impact on the LandscapeEAR-1140198Praveen Kumar, Gary Parker, Jim Best, Marcelo Garcia, Bruce Rhoads, Michelle Wander, Jeff Nittrouer, Robert Darmody, Arthur Schmidt, Murugesu Sivapalan, Jonathan Greenberg (Univ. of California, Davis), Robert Holmes (USGS)AbstractThe objective of the proposed Rapid Response Research grant is to undertake field campaign, in-situ sampling, and Lidar survey of selected regions of the Lower Mississippi River and surrounding landscape impacted by the 2011 extreme flood. PIs interest is to understand how deliberate but uncontrolled levee breach at Birds Point, and engineered diversions at Morganza and Bonnet Carré spillways impact both the streams and the surrounding landscapes. In the proposed effort they plan to (1) characterize flood deposits by sampling sediment depth, depositional area, and sediment grain size distribution and stratigraphy; (2) investigate soil morphology and their properties such as soil organic carbon, pH, cation exchange capacity, texture, and bulk density; (3) characterize response of landscape form and structure at all three offtake sites by characterizing the bathymetry, flow, and sediment transport; and (4) evaluate landscape impact through Lidar survey near and downstream of the Mississippi and Ohio River Confluence including large sections of the Birds Point New Madrid (BPNM) floodway. The data collected will allow them to assess if large episodic events, such as the present Mississippi flood, shape the long-term form and function of rivers and the surrounding floodplains, and the timescale of the impact on the flow and transport dynamics. Studies using this data will assist in future planning of water and sediment diversions in the lower Mississippi River basin.