RAPID: Mississippi Flood of 2011 - Investigation of Initial Impact on the Landscape

快速:praveen Kumar, Gary Parker, Jim Best, Marcelo Garcia, Bruce Rhoads, Michelle Wander, Jeff Nittrouer, Robert Darmody, Arthur Schmidt, Murugesu Sivapalan, Jonathan Greenberg（加州大学戴维斯分校），Robert Holmes（美国地质勘测局）摘要该快速反应研究基金的目标是开展实地调查，现场采样，以及对受2011年极端洪水影响的密西西比河下游选定地区及其周围景观的激光雷达调查。PIs的兴趣是了解bird Point的故意但不受控制的堤坝决口，以及Morganza和Bonnet carr<s:1>溢洪道的工程改道如何影响溪流和周围的景观。在提议的努力中，他们计划(1)通过采样沉积物深度、沉积面积、沉积物粒度分布和地层来表征洪水沉积物；(2)研究土壤形态及其性质，如土壤有机碳、pH、阳离子交换容量、质地和容重；(3)通过地形特征、水流特征和泥沙特征来表征三个采伐点景观形态和结构的响应；(4)通过激光雷达调查，评估密西西比河和俄亥俄河汇合处附近和下游的景观影响，包括bird Point New Madrid （BPNM）泄洪道的大部分地区。收集到的数据将使他们能够评估大型偶发事件，如目前的密西西比河洪水，是否塑造了河流和周围洪泛区的长期形态和功能，以及对流量和运输动力学影响的时间尺度。利用这些数据进行的研究将有助于未来规划密西西比河下游流域的水和沉积物转移。

RAPID: Mississippi Flood of 2011 - Investigation of Initial Impact on the LandscapeEAR-1140198Praveen Kumar, Gary Parker, Jim Best, Marcelo Garcia, Bruce Rhoads, Michelle Wander, Jeff Nittrouer, Robert Darmody, Arthur Schmidt, Murugesu Sivapalan, Jonathan Greenberg (Univ. of California, Davis), Robert Holmes (USGS)AbstractThe objective of the proposed Rapid Response Research grant is to undertake field campaign, in-situ sampling, and Lidar survey of selected regions of the Lower Mississippi River and surrounding landscape impacted by the 2011 extreme flood. PIs interest is to understand how deliberate but uncontrolled levee breach at Birds Point, and engineered diversions at Morganza and Bonnet Carré spillways impact both the streams and the surrounding landscapes. In the proposed effort they plan to (1) characterize flood deposits by sampling sediment depth, depositional area, and sediment grain size distribution and stratigraphy; (2) investigate soil morphology and their properties such as soil organic carbon, pH, cation exchange capacity, texture, and bulk density; (3) characterize response of landscape form and structure at all three offtake sites by characterizing the bathymetry, flow, and sediment transport; and (4) evaluate landscape impact through Lidar survey near and downstream of the Mississippi and Ohio River Confluence including large sections of the Birds Point New Madrid (BPNM) floodway. The data collected will allow them to assess if large episodic events, such as the present Mississippi flood, shape the long-term form and function of rivers and the surrounding floodplains, and the timescale of the impact on the flow and transport dynamics. Studies using this data will assist in future planning of water and sediment diversions in the lower Mississippi River basin.