MARGINS: Collaborative Research: Illuminating the Architecture of the Greater Mount St. Helens Magmatic System from Slab to Surface

边缘：合作研究：阐明大圣海伦斯山岩浆系统从板块到地表的结构

• 批准号: 1144455
• 负责人: Alan Levander
• 金额: $ 105.49万
• 依托单位: William Marsh Rice University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-06-01 至 2017-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1144455&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MARGINS; Collaborative; Research; Illuminating; Architecture

To better understand volcanic activity, it is fundamental to get an accurate representation of magma generation zones and storage regions in the Earth?s crust and upper mantle. Illuminating the architecture of the plumbing system beneath volcanoes will allow scientists to determine (1) at which depths and conditions magmas are generated, and (2) the shapes and sizes of pathways and reservoirs along which magma travels towards the surface. Such knowledge will allow scientists to make more informed predictions on the durations of volcanic crises and on the total volume of erupted material during eruptive episodes.This project focuses on the Mount St. Helens volcanic edifice, (WA, USA), whose explosive eruption in 1980 attracted world?s attention, and was the first volcano to be thoroughly monitored with modern instruments. Mount St. Helens provides an ideal setting to apply state-of-the-art geophysical and geochemical techniques to image its subterranean roots: It is active, easily accessible, and has a well recorded past history. The project will use several different methods (active and passive source seismic tomography and scattered wave imaging, magnetotelluric imaging, petrology and geochemistry), involving a large collaborative team, to image the volcano?s plumbing system with unprecedented resolution from the subducting plate to the surface. The results will be informative for many other volcanoes around the world, particularly those located along the infamous Pacific Ring of Fire.

为了更好地了解火山活动，获得地球上岩浆生成区和储存区的准确表示是至关重要的。地壳和上地幔。阐明火山下管道系统的结构将使科学家能够确定（1）岩浆产生的深度和条件，以及（2）岩浆向地表移动的路径和水库的形状和大小沿着。这些知识将使科学家能够对火山危机的持续时间和喷发期间喷发物质的总量作出更明智的预测。这是第一座用现代仪器进行全面监测的火山。圣海伦斯山提供了一个理想的环境，应用最先进的地球物理和地球化学技术来成像其地下根：它是活跃的，易于访问，并有一个良好的记录过去的历史。该项目将使用几种不同的方法（主动和被动源地震层析成像和散射波成像，大地电磁成像，岩石学和地球化学），涉及一个大型的合作团队，火山成像？以前所未有的分辨率从俯冲板块到地表观测到了地球的管道系统。研究结果将为世界上许多其他火山提供信息，特别是那些位于沿着臭名昭著的太平洋火环的火山。