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Beyond the Iambic/Trochaic Law: Perceptual influences on subjective grouping of rhythmic speech

超越抑扬格/抑扬格律：对节奏言语主观分组的感知影响

基本信息

批准号：
1147959
负责人：
Megan Crowhurst
金额：
$ 19.7万
依托单位：
University of Texas at Austin
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-03-01 至 2015-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1147959&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Beyond Iambic Trochaic Law Perceptual

项目摘要

Rhythm in human languages is often expressed as repeated pairings of syllables with different emphasis (stress), as in the place name Apalachicola, (A-pa)(LA-chi)(CO-la). Because such binary groupings (feet) recur widely across languages, linguists view them as important building blocks of language prosody. One very common foot type (a trochee) combines two short syllables with initial emphasis (BA ba), and another common type (an iamb) pairs a short with a following long syllable, (ba baa). Linguists have hypothesized that the evolution of these foot types in language may have been shaped by two principles of auditory perception according to which (i) sound sequences that contrast volume tend to be perceived as loud-initial groupings (trochees), and (ii) sound sequences contrasting duration tend toward long-last groupings (iambs). These principles have been validated in studies that have tested the influence of volume and duration separately, using primarily non-speech sounds (for example, tones). However, human language is more complex in that intensity (volume) and duration cues generally vary together, not separately. Moreover, other sound features, for example glottalization (laryngeal creakiness), are known to interact with stress groupings in language, although the influence of these cues on subjective grouping has not been tested with human subjects in speech perception studies. This project takes the next step with a series of speech perception experiments designed to study these issues. First, the influence on subjective grouping of jointly varying intensity and duration will be studied. Parallel experiments will study the influence of varying glottalization both in isolation, and in combination with duration. To study the issue of whether subjective grouping preferences based on the specific features studied are language specific or general, planned experiments will be conducted with native speakers of (Mexican) Spanish and Zapotec in addition to English. This work is expected to advance our understanding of how perceptual features that influence the cognitive activity of grouping may have helped to shape aspects of human language.

人类语言中的节奏通常表现为不同重音（重音）的音节重复配对，如地名阿巴拉契科拉（A-pa）（LA-chi）（CO-la）。由于这种二进制分组（脚）在语言中广泛出现，语言学家将其视为语言韵律的重要组成部分。一种非常常见的音步类型（扬抑）将两个短音节与初始强调（BA ba）结合在一起，另一种常见类型（iamb）将短音节与随后的长音节（ba baa）配对。语言学家假设这些音步类型在语言中的演变可能是由听觉感知的两个原则塑造的，根据这两个原则：（i）与音量对比的声音序列倾向于被感知为以音节开头的分组（扬抑音），（ii）与持续时间对比的声音序列倾向于以长音结尾的分组（抑扬格）。这些原则已经在一些研究中得到了验证，这些研究分别测试了音量和持续时间的影响，主要使用非语音声音（例如音调）。然而，人类语言更复杂，因为强度（音量）和持续时间提示通常一起变化，而不是单独变化。此外，其他声音特征，例如声门化（喉吱吱声），已知与语言中的重音分组相互作用，尽管这些线索对主观分组的影响尚未在言语感知研究中用人类受试者进行测试。该项目采取了一系列旨在研究这些问题的语音感知实验的下一步。首先，将研究联合变化的强度和持续时间对主观分组的影响。平行实验将研究不同声门化的影响，无论是在孤立的，并结合持续时间。要研究的问题，是否主观分组偏好的基础上研究的具体功能是语言的具体或一般的，计划的实验将进行母语（墨西哥）西班牙语和萨波特克语，除了英语。这项工作有望促进我们对影响分组认知活动的感知特征如何帮助塑造人类语言的理解。