CAREER: Budget and Impacts of Atmospheric Organic Acids from Ground and Space-based Observations

职业：地面和天基观测对大气有机酸的预算和影响

• 批准号: 1148951
• 负责人: Dylan Millet
• 金额: $ 69.98万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-02-01 至 2018-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1148951&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Budget; Impacts; Atmospheric; Organic

Formic and acetic acids are the dominant carboxylic acids in the atmosphere. They exert an important influence on atmospheric aqueous chemistry through their effect on precipitation acidity, aqueous hydroxyl radical concentrations, and possibly secondary organic aerosol formation. This CAREER award focuses on understanding seasonal sources of organic acids and their atmospheric impacts. The research will be guided by the following key questions: What is the global importance of direct emissions versus secondary production from biogenic, biomass burning, and anthropogenic sources? Is there a significant source of formic and acetic acids during aging of organic aerosols? What is the role of formic and acetic acids in governing the acidity of precipitation and clouds around the world? How does this vary geographically and seasonally? The experimental approach combines new process-oriented measurements with new global observations from space, interpreted in the framework of an atmospheric model. Specific steps will include carrying out new field and laboratory measurements to quantify key controls on organic acid abundance in the atmosphere, applying new satellite retrievals of formic acid from the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer and the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer in targeted process studies on the global scale, and using the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model to interpret the new space-borne and in situ measurements in terms of quantitative constraints on global sources and chemical impacts organic acids in the atmosphere.The broader impacts of this work will include: 1) Enhanced learning in air pollution and Earth Science for local public elementary students; 2) Training graduate and postdoctoral researchers in cutting-edge atmospheric chemistry measurement and modeling tools; 3) Building the research and education capacity of the new Land and Atmospheric Science program at the University of Minnesota; 4) Better understanding of organic acid sources and impacts for more accurate air quality and climate predictions; 5) Active dissemination of scientific findings through scientific presentations and publications. Finalized measurement data, satellite retrievals, and model code will be made public and readily available online.

甲酸和乙酸是大气中主要的羧酸。它们通过对降水酸度、水羟基浓度和可能的二次有机气溶胶形成的影响，对大气水化学产生重要影响。这个职业奖的重点是了解有机酸的季节性来源及其对大气的影响。研究将以下列关键问题为指导：直接排放与生物源、生物质燃烧和人为来源的二次生产相比，在全球的重要性是什么？有机气溶胶老化过程中是否存在甲酸和乙酸的重要来源？甲酸和乙酸在控制世界各地降水和云的酸度方面起着什么作用？这在地理和季节上有何不同？实验方法结合了新的面向过程的测量与新的全球空间观测，在大气模型的框架内解释。具体步骤将包括进行新的实地和实验室测量，以量化对大气中有机酸丰度的关键控制，在全球范围有针对性的过程研究中应用对流层发射光谱仪和红外大气探测干涉仪对甲酸的新卫星反演，并使用GEOS-Chem化学传输模型来解释新的空间-从对全球来源的数量限制和大气中有机酸的化学影响的角度，对大气中的有机酸进行现场和现场测量。1）加强学习空气污染和地球科学为当地公立小学生; 2）培训研究生和博士后研究人员在尖端的大气化学测量和建模工具; 3）建立新的土地和大气科学计划在明尼苏达大学的研究和教育能力; 4）更好地了解有机酸的来源和影响，以便更准确地预测空气质量和气候; 5）通过科学报告和出版物积极传播科学发现。最后确定的测量数据、卫星检索和模型代码将在网上公布并随时可供查阅。