CAREER: Tornado-Resilient Structural Retrofits for Sustainable Housing Communities

这个教师早期职业发展（Career）项目的目标是描述龙卷风对住宅建筑的风荷载，并比较传统建筑与结构增强建筑的结构反应。研究变量既包括龙卷风参数（旋涡大小、前进速度、压力剖面和旋流比），也包括建筑物参数（建筑物相对于龙卷风核心的位置、结构连接、主要抗风系统）。一个轻框架住宅结构体系的三维有限元分析模型将被用作建立结构响应的原型。数据库辅助设计（DAD）方法将用于从模型建筑形状分析龙卷风风荷载时程，并确定结构系统的关键设计荷载和反应。将对原型建筑的角落子结构进行全面测试，以验证数值模型，并评估房屋增强结构系统的结构和经济效益。这项工作将为房屋的龙卷风弹性设计方法提供基础。该奖项促进了知识的产生，提供了对现有木结构房屋的结构行为和脆弱性的更好理解，同时确定了纳入龙卷风抵御建筑结构系统的社区的好处。新的研究生水平课程，可持续住宅结构的工程设计将为土木工程研究生提供知识，并使他们能够与住宅建筑承包商和结构工程师互动。有关龙卷风荷载和房屋结构加固的资料，将透过网页入口提供给建筑商。政府将成立风害损害评估小组，进行风灾后评估，并传播有关先进住宅建造方法的研究成果。通过浸入式研究，K-12科学教师将开发龙卷风对房屋破坏的高中教学模块，并将其纳入高中科学课程。对博士生进行实验和分析研究方面的培训和指导。该奖项将提供资源，用于开发技术，以改善受龙卷风影响的低层建筑的性能。

The objectives of this Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) program award are to characterize tornadic wind loads on a residential building and to compare the resultant structural response of traditional construction against a structurally enhanced one. Study variables include both tornado parameters (vortex size, forward speed, pressure profile and swirl ratio), and the building parameters (building location relative to the tornado core, structural connections, and the main wind force resisting system). A 3-dimensional Finite Element Analysis model of a light-framed residential structural system will be used as the prototype to establish structural response. A database-assisted design (DAD) methodology will be used to analyze tornadic wind load time-histories from a model building shape and determine critical design loads and reactions for the structural system. Full-scale tests will be conducted on corner substructures of the prototype building for validating the numerical model and also to evaluate the structural and economic benefits of enhanced structural systems in houses. The effort will provide the basis for a tornado-resilient design methodology for houses.The award facilitates knowledge generation that provides a better understanding of the structural behaviors and vulnerability of existing wood-framed houses, while identifying benefits to a community that incorporate tornado-resilient building structural systems. Anew graduate-level course, Engineered Design of Sustainable Residential Structures will provide knowledge to civil engineering graduate students, and enable them to interact with residential building contractors, and structural engineers. Information on tornadic loads and structural enhancement of houses will be made available to builders via webbased portals. A Wind Hazard Damage Assessment Group will be formed to conduct post-storm assessments and to disseminate research findings on advanced residential construction practices. Through research immersion, K-12 science teachers will develop high-school teaching modules on tornado damage to houses for inclusion in high-school science curricula. Training and mentorship of a PhD student will be provided in experimental and analytical studies. This award will provide resources that will be used to develop technologies to improve performance of low-rise buildings affected by tornadoes.