Mid-scale RI-1 (M1:DP): National Testing Facility for Enhancing Wind Resiliency of Infrastructure in Tornado-Downburst-Gust Front Events (NEWRITE)

这项中等规模的研究基础设施-1奖将支持基于大学的国家测试设施的设计阶段，以增强龙卷风-下击暴风-阵风锋面事件中基础设施的抗风能力(NEWRITE)。NEWRITE的设计将考虑非天气风暴事件(龙卷风/下暴流/阵风锋面)中的实际风场(风速高达225英里/小时)，以便能够在中到全比例(1：10至1：1)的模型上对其负载和对民用基础设施的破坏影响进行物理测试。这些天气事件每年在美国造成相当大的财产损失和无数人死亡。对基础设施的破坏只会随着城市化的发展以及气候变化导致的此类风暴的加剧和频率的增加而增加。正如过去所证明的那样，强度增强的藤田3级(EF3)或更高(每小时136英里或更高，3秒阵风)的大型龙卷风袭击了大量人口中心，造成多人死亡，并对住宅和工程建筑造成重大破坏。下击暴流和阵风锋面造成的财产损失同样严重。NEWRITE将被设计为一个最先进的研究和测试平台，以减轻新南威尔士州危害对建筑环境的影响，并显著减少死亡和经济损失。爱荷华州立大学将领导这个设计项目，克莱姆森大学、密苏里科技大学、东北大学、德克萨斯理工大学、阿肯色大学费耶特维尔分校、佛罗里达大学、华盛顿大学和威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校将参与其中。该设计项目将是国家科学基金会(NSF)支持的自然灾害工程研究基础设施(NHERI)的一部分，并将为NSF在国家减少风暴影响计划(NWIRP)中的作用做出贡献。在本设计项目期间产生的数据将被存档并在NHERI数据仓库(https://www.DesignSafe-ci.org).)中公开可用NEWRITE的设计将考虑产生与EF1至EF5龙卷风(每小时86-225英里)、中等强度下暴流(每小时100-125英里)和阵风锋面(每小时80-100英里)相关的风场的所需能力。NEWRITE将以足够大的规模调查新南威尔士州对民用基础设施的危害，以研究新南威尔士州事件中的近地面风场、风荷载、风载碎片撞击和结构破坏机制。这些设计参数将使风力工程界能够进行研究，以了解新南威尔士州事件中的风和碎片对建筑环境的影响，从单个结构到社区规模的结构群。NEWRITE的设计将考虑以下能力：(A)提高对非天气风的瞬变特征及其极端风和风载碎片造成的危害的现有知识；(B)促进对新南威尔士州事件中风结构和碎片-结构相互作用的力学的了解，例如结构中的载荷分布、载荷路径和组件应力；(C)通过整合风速和地面压力传感器和雷达数据以改进警告，使能够更好地探测地面新南威尔士州事件；以及(D)将实验数据与计算力学相结合，以改进结构建模和损害预测，使弹性结构的发展成为可能。该设施将被设计为以中到全模型长度尺度和速度尺度物理模拟新南威尔士州的灾害，以忠实地再现这些灾害对民用基础设施的破坏影响，并评估潜在的解决方案，以通过稳健的设计增强其抗风能力。在这个设计项目中，将在爱荷华州立大学设计和建造一个较小比例(1：20)的NEWRITE物理原型，并将开发一个NEWRITE的数字孪生兄弟，以协助NEWRITE的全尺寸设计。虽然该项目的结果将是建造全尺寸NEWRITE的最终设计文件，但该合同并不是对支持全尺寸NEWRITE建造阶段的承诺。该项目由中型研究基础设施计划和已建立的激励竞争性研究计划(EPSCoR)共同资助。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This Mid-scale Research Infrastructure-1 award will support the design phase for a university-based National Testing Facility for Enhancing Wind Resiliency of Infrastructure in Tornado-Downburst-Gust Front Events (NEWRITE). The design of NEWRITE will consider realistic wind fields (speeds up to 225 miles per hour (mph)) in non-synoptic windstorm (NSW) events (tornado/downburst/gust-front) to enable physical testing of their loading and damaging effects on civil infrastructure at mid-to-full model scales (1:10 to 1:1). These weather events cause considerable property damage and numerous fatalities annually in the United States. Damage to infrastructure will only increase with growing urbanization and increased intensification and frequency of such windstorms due to the changing climate. As evidenced in the past, major tornadoes with an intensity of Enhanced Fujita 3 (EF3) or greater (136 mph or greater, 3-second gust) have struck large population centers, causing multiple fatalities and significant damage to residential and engineered structures. Property damage from downbursts and gust fronts are equally significant. NEWRITE will be designed to be a state-of-the-art research and testing platform to mitigate the impacts of NSW hazards on the built environment and significantly reduce fatalities and economic losses. Iowa State University will lead this design project with participation from Clemson University, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Northeastern University, Texas Tech University, University of Arkansas at Fayetteville, University of Florida, University of Washington, and University of Wisconsin at Madison. This design project will be a component of the National Science Foundation (NSF)-supported Natural Hazards Engineering Research Infrastructure (NHERI) and will contribute to the NSF role in the National Windstorm Impact Reduction Program (NWIRP). Data produced during this design project will be archived and made publicly available in the NHERI Data Depot (https://www.DesignSafe-ci.org). The design of NEWRITE will consider desired capabilities to generate wind fields associated with EF1 to EF5 tornadoes (86-225 mph), moderately intense downbursts (100-125 mph), and gust fronts (80-100 mph). NEWRITE will be designed to investigate NSW hazards on civil infrastructure at scales large enough to study near ground wind fields, wind loading, wind-borne debris impact, and structural damage mechanisms in NSW events. These design parameters would allow the wind engineering community to conduct research to understand the impact of wind and debris in NSW events on the built environment from individual structures to groups of structures at the community scale. The design of NEWRITE will consider capabilities to (a) advance the current knowledge of the transient characteristics of non-synoptic winds and the hazards they pose from the extreme wind and wind-borne debris, (b) advance the understanding of the mechanics of the wind structure and debris-structure interactions in NSW events, such as load distribution, load paths, and component stresses in structures, (c) enable better detection of NSW events on the ground through the integration of wind speed and ground pressure-sensors and radar data for improved warning, and (d) integrate experimental data with computational mechanics to improve structural modeling and damage prediction, enabling the development of resilient structures. The facility will be designed to physically simulate NSW hazards at mid-to-full model-length scale and velocity scale required to faithfully reproduce the damaging effects of these hazards on civil infrastructure and assess potential solutions to enhance their wind resiliency through robust design. During this design project, a smaller scale (1:20) physical prototype of NEWRITE will be designed and constructed at Iowa State University and a digital twin of NEWRITE will be developed to assist with the full-scale NEWRITE design. While the outcome of this project will be final design documents for construction of the full-scale NEWRITE, this award is not a commitment to support the construction phase of the full-scale NEWRITE. This project is jointly funded by the Mid-scale Research Infrastructure-1 Program and the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.