CAREER: Community Adaptation to Changing Environmental Disasters

这个CAREER项目调查了社区对不断变化的环境灾害的适应，并强调了在快速环境变化时期依赖和外部联系的重要性。世界各地环境灾害的增加，加上极端气候事件的强度和频率可能增加，以及它们在不同地点发生的可能性增加，给人们带来了严峻的挑战。这个研究项目通过研究路易斯安那州沿海地区从频繁的飓风到2010年英国石油公司深水地平线漏油事件的转变，调查了社区适应一场灾难的方式。这种转变增加了对他人的依赖，而依赖，而不是自力更生，被认为是社区适应研究中缺失的基石。因此，由于社区依赖非本地投入，外部联系变得更加重要。研究的重点是外部联系与内部社区凝聚力和能力之间的动态相互作用，促进外部资源和知识在社区一级的渗透。该项目应用并测试了一种将社区管理与组织创新理论相结合的创新方法。调查始于对档案和文件证据的结构化内容分析以及对关键举报人的访谈。数据分析涉及改变的监管结构对社区适应灾害的影响，以及以前对不利环境事件的适应在多大程度上增加了社区的脆弱性。接下来是选择路易斯安那州沿海地区受影响最严重的两个社区，以检查石油泄漏后对外部资源和知识的依赖是否有所增加。它还将利用参与性观察和深入访谈来调查这些社区的依赖性和外部联系的性质。该项目最后收集了调查数据，以评估社区吸收资源和知识的能力。采用多层次结构方程模型进行数据分析，评价内部和外部联系之间的关系以及边界组织在社区适应和创新研究中的作用。该项目提高了社区对新威胁脆弱性的认识。它使政府和援助机构能够制定计划和政策，以促进和维持对未来灾害进行预期适应所必需的外部联系。它还鼓励和支持社区吸收新资源和信息的能力。本研究还通过研究和比较不同灾害在同一地点的影响及其适应机制，有助于提高对多灾害方法的认识。本研究的结果将对关注气候变化、灾害和灾害管理的应急管理人员、政策制定者和社区领导人具有实用价值。此外，综合教育计划注重学生与社会的互动和同侪辅导。学生参加当地的工作坊和服务学习将为学生提供宝贵的经验。该项目还包括本科生和研究生的参与，并提供新的课程和暑期学者项目。这些教育活动将帮助学生建立适应研究和实践的职业生涯。

This CAREER project investigates community adaptation to changing environmental disasters and highlights the significance of dependence and external linkages in times of rapid environmental change. An increase in environmental disasters around the world compounded by a possible increase in the intensity and frequency of extreme climatic events and an increased probability of their occurrence in different locations poses serious challenges for people. This research project investigates the way that communities adapt from one disaster to another by examining coastal Louisiana's shift from frequent hurricanes to the BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill in 2010. Such a transition increases dependence on others, and dependence, instead of or in addition to self-reliance, is addressed as a missing cornerstone of research on community adaptation. As a result, external linkages become more important as communities depend on nonlocal inputs. The research focuses on the dynamic interactions between external linkages and internal community cohesion and capability that facilitate the penetration of external resources and knowledge at the community level. The project applies and tests an innovative approach to coupling community management with the theories of organizational innovation. The investigation begins with the structured content analysis of archival and documentary evidence and key informant interviews. The data analysis addresses the effects of changed regulatory structures on community adaptation to disasters and the extent to which previous adaptations to adverse environmental events can increase community vulnerability. It is followed by the selection of two of the most impacted communities in coastal Louisiana to examine whether dependence on external resources and knowledge after the oil spill has increased. It will also investigate the nature of the dependence and external linkages of these communities using participant observation and in-depth interviews. The project culminates with the collection of survey data to assess the communities' ability to absorb resources and knowledge. Data analysis using multilevel structural equation model will evaluate the relationship between internal and external linkages and the role of boundary organizations in the examination of community adaptation and innovation. This project provides an improved understanding of vulnerability to new threats at the community level. It enables governments and aid agencies to formulate plans and policies to foster and sustain those external linkages necessary for anticipatory adaptation to future disasters. It also encourages and supports the capacity of communities to absorb new resources and information. This research also contributes to advancing knowledge regarding multiple hazards approach by studying and comparing the effects of different hazards and their adaptation mechanisms in the same location. Results from this research will be of utility to emergency managers, policy makers, and community leaders concerned with climate change, hazards, and disaster management. In addition, the integrative education plan focuses on student-society interactions and peer mentorship. Student participation at local workshops and service learning will provide students with valuable experiences. This project also includes the participation of undergraduate and graduate students and offers new courses and summer scholar programs. These educational activities will help students build careers in adaptation research and practice.