SHINE: Remote Observations of Accelerated Particles Interacting at the Sun

主要研究员将通过测量各种航天器观测到的伽马射线发射，研究在爆发性耀斑和日冕物质抛射期间和之后在太阳上相互作用的粒子的特性。2008年发射的费米航天器提供了一种灵敏度足以监测太阳附近宇宙射线质子和电子通量的仪器，几乎每天都有。这些费米观测提供了太阳调制内日球层粒子通量的信息，并在太阳爆发事件后数小时内探测到高能太阳加速离子和电子的存在。PI将进行光谱和能量分析，以揭示太阳耀斑加速粒子对行星际粒子通量的贡献。这种数据分析将产生关于内日光层中的初级加速和粒子传输机制的信息，并将使近太阳高能粒子的特性能够与在深空测量的粒子特性进行比较。PI对太阳附近耀斑加速和宇宙射线粒子的分析将发表在参考期刊上，并将在年度科学会议和研讨会上发表。这项研究将使人们更好地了解太阳高能粒子的起源，并通过改进空间气象预测以保护卫星和宇航员而造福社会。作为费米研究团队的一员，PI还将通过与来自各国的研究生和博士后学者密切合作，分析费米航天器收集的伽马射线数据，为年轻科学家的专业发展做出贡献。此外，PI还将与位于华盛顿的美国海军研究实验室的一位同事合作，指导参与暑期实习计划的高中生。

The Principal Investigator (PI) will study the characteristics of particles that interact at the Sun during and following eruptive flares and CMEs by measuring the resulting gamma-ray emission observed by various spacecraft. The launch of the Fermi spacecraft in 2008 has provided an instrument sensitive enough to monitor the flux of cosmic-ray protons and electrons near the Sun on nearly a daily basis. These Fermi observations provide information on solar modulation of particle fluxes in the inner heliosphere and detect the presence of energetic solar-accelerated ions and electrons for hours following solar eruptive events. The PI will perform spectral and energetic analysis to reveal the contribution of solar-flare-accelerated particles to fluxes of interplanetary particles. This data analysis will yield information on the primary acceleration and particle transport mechanisms in the inner heliosphere, and will allow the properties of energetic near-Sun particles to be compared with those of particle properties measured in deep space. The PI's analysis of flare-accelerated and cosmic-ray particles near the Sun will be published in refereed journals and will be presented at annual science meetings and in seminars. This research will provide a better understanding of the origin of solar energetic particles, and this will benefit society through improved space weather predictions for the protection of satellites and astronauts. As a member of the Fermi research team, the PI will also contribute to the professional development of young scientists by working closely with graduate students and postdoctoral scholars from various countries in the analysis of gamma-ray data collected by the Fermi spacecraft. In addition, the PI will collaborate with a colleague at the US Naval Research Laboratory in Washington DC to mentor high school students involved in a summer internship program.