SHINE: Remote Observations of Accelerated Particles Interacting at the Sun

首席调查员将通过测量各种航天器观测到的伽马射线辐射，研究在爆发耀斑和日冕物质抛射期间和之后与太阳相互作用的粒子的特征。2008年费米宇宙飞船的发射提供了一种足够灵敏的仪器，几乎每天都能监测太阳附近的宇宙射线质子和电子的流量。这些费米观测提供了关于太阳对内日光层中粒子通量的调制的信息，并在太阳喷发事件之后的几个小时内探测到高能太阳加速离子和电子的存在。PI将进行光谱分析和能量分析，以揭示太阳耀斑加速的粒子对行星际粒子通量的贡献。这一数据分析将提供关于内日光层主要加速和粒子传输机制的信息，并将使高能近太阳粒子的性质与在深空测量的粒子性质进行比较。PI对太阳附近耀斑加速和宇宙射线粒子的分析将发表在被引用的期刊上，并将在年度科学会议和研讨会上发表。这项研究将更好地了解太阳高能粒子的起源，这将通过改进空间天气预报来保护卫星和宇航员，从而造福社会。作为费米研究团队的一员，PI还将通过与各国研究生和博士后学者密切合作，分析费米航天器收集的伽马射线数据，为青年科学家的专业发展做出贡献。此外，PI将与华盛顿特区美国海军研究实验室的一名同事合作，指导参与暑期实习计划的高中生。

The Principal Investigator (PI) will study the characteristics of particles that interact at the Sun during and following eruptive flares and CMEs by measuring the resulting gamma-ray emission observed by various spacecraft. The launch of the Fermi spacecraft in 2008 has provided an instrument sensitive enough to monitor the flux of cosmic-ray protons and electrons near the Sun on nearly a daily basis. These Fermi observations provide information on solar modulation of particle fluxes in the inner heliosphere and detect the presence of energetic solar-accelerated ions and electrons for hours following solar eruptive events. The PI will perform spectral and energetic analysis to reveal the contribution of solar-flare-accelerated particles to fluxes of interplanetary particles. This data analysis will yield information on the primary acceleration and particle transport mechanisms in the inner heliosphere, and will allow the properties of energetic near-Sun particles to be compared with those of particle properties measured in deep space. The PI's analysis of flare-accelerated and cosmic-ray particles near the Sun will be published in refereed journals and will be presented at annual science meetings and in seminars. This research will provide a better understanding of the origin of solar energetic particles, and this will benefit society through improved space weather predictions for the protection of satellites and astronauts. As a member of the Fermi research team, the PI will also contribute to the professional development of young scientists by working closely with graduate students and postdoctoral scholars from various countries in the analysis of gamma-ray data collected by the Fermi spacecraft. In addition, the PI will collaborate with a colleague at the US Naval Research Laboratory in Washington DC to mentor high school students involved in a summer internship program.