Doctoral Dissertation Research in DRMS: Efficacy of Self-control/Self-regulation Training Interventions to Improve Sleep Habits: Impact on Employee Fatigue

在各种环境中(例如，交通、发电厂管理)，睡眠不足是导致精神疲劳、性能下降和安全失误的主要因素。睡眠不足可能是由各种不可控因素引起的，比如疾病或压力，但也可能是个人未能正确管理睡眠时间表造成的。例如，在最近的一项调查中，70%的成年人报告说，他们的工作或学校时间表实际上允许每晚有充足的睡眠。然而，这些人中有相当一部分人去工作或上学时有昏昏欲睡和精神疲劳问题的风险。对这些人来说，困难的两个可能来源是自我控制失败或自我监管失败。这个项目调查自我控制和自我调节培训计划的有效性，这些培训计划的目标是培养个人更好地管理睡眠时间表的技能。这些技能的发展反过来有望减少工作和学校睡眠不足的情况发生的频率。这项研究项目涉及通过自我控制和自我调节训练相结合的方法，将临床自我控制和自我调节干预转化为非临床使用。其目的是确定完全整合的干预措施是否对睡眠时间管理有好处。该项目的一个独特功能是通过手腕活动记录仪对睡眠持续时间和睡眠中断进行客观评估，提供可靠和有效的睡眠/非睡眠状态指标。这项研究包括对这些客观指标的比较，以及对睡眠持续时间和疲劳度的每日自我报告问卷。总而言之，这些评估可以确定干预效果主要与睡眠时长的主观估计有关，还是与睡眠时长的客观测量有关，还是两者的某种组合。来自这些研究的新知识可能会对减少工作和学校环境中的睡眠剥夺产生重大影响。

In a variety of settings (e.g., transportation, power-plant management), inadequate sleep is a major contributing factor to mental fatigue, decrements in performance, and safety lapses. Inadequate sleep can arise from a variety of uncontrollable factors, such as illness or stress, but can also result from individual failures to properly manage sleep schedules. For example, in a recent survey, 70% of adults reported that their work or school schedules actually allow for adequate sleep each night. A substantial portion of these individuals, however, go to work or school at-risk for drowsiness and mental fatigue issues. Two possible sources of difficulties for these individuals are failures of self-control or failures of self-regulation. This project investigates the efficacy of self-control and self-regulation training programs that are targeted towards building skills for individuals to better manage their sleep schedules. Development of these skills, in turn, is expected to reduce the frequency of situations of inadequate sleep at work and school. This research project involves a translation of clinical self-control and self-regulation interventions to non-clinical use through a combined self-control and self-regulation training approach. The purpose is to determine whether a fully integrated intervention has beneficial effects on sleep-duration management. A unique feature of this project is the objective assessment of sleep duration and sleep interruptions obtained through wrist actigraphs, which provide reliable and valid indicators of sleep/non-sleep states. The research includes a comoparison of these objective measures with daily self-report questionnaires of sleep duration and fatigue. Together, these assessments allows for a determination of whether the intervention effects pertain mainly to subjective estimates of sleep duration, objective measures of sleep duration, or some combination of the two. The new knowledge from these studies may have significant implications for reduction of sleep deprivation in work and school settings.