DAT: Connecting Outcome Measures of Entrepreneurship, Technology and Science (COMETS)

DAT：连接创业、技术和科学的成果衡量标准 (COMETS)

• 批准号: 1158907
• 负责人: Lynne Zucker
• 金额: $ 77.53万
• 依托单位: National Bureau of Economic Research Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-04-15 至 2015-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1158907&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DAT; Connecting; Outcome; Measures; Entrepreneurship

This project is completing the public COMETS database integrating data on science and technology inputs and outputs in order to better understand innovation and the success of high-technology firms. COMETS and related on-line and on-site archives provide researchers the necessary tools to answer a wide range of important scientific and policy questions in the science of science and innovation policy (SciSIP). The project goes a long way toward eliminating the data bottleneck which has impeded SciSIP progress. It does this by integrating legacy databases on federal grants, universities, publications, dissertations, patents, and new and established high-technology firms in a single database with identifiers which link each appearance of an organization or scientist. The project maximizes the availability of fully public data at COMETS by developing and incorporating copyright-free and open-source alternatives to these data. Two demonstration projects (a) show the conceptual power and policy relevance of an integrated database combining public and licensed databases and (b) illustrate uses of COMETS while stress-testing the computer-matched codes used to identify each appearance of an organization or scientist.The intellectual merit of this project is based on conceptualizing and implementing construction of a very large coherent integrated database covering the national innovation system from government grants, laboratories, and policies through basic discoveries and their application to new commercial technologies driving the formation and transformation of high-technology industries. Reporting burden is minimized by using public information already collected for reference, reporting, marketing, and administrative purposes - unobtrusive measures that require no additional effort although a mechanism is provided for organizations and scientists to correct any errors in matching records within and across the legacy databases. Broader Impact: This project has broad impact on SciSIP research and ultimately on economic growth and the standard of living. First, the project provides the research community with a platform technology which enables a quantum leap in the sophistication and reliability of SciSIP research since knowledge creation can be observed at the organization and individual scientist level. Second, since technological progress and rising educational levels are the two main factors determining growth in the advanced economies of the world, research enabled by this project can lead to improved science and innovation policies which increase technological progress and economic growth.

该项目正在完成将科学和技术投入和产出数据综合在一起的COMETS公共数据库，以便更好地了解高技术公司的创新和成功。COMETS和相关的在线和现场档案为研究人员提供了必要的工具，以回答科学和创新政策科学（SciSIP）中的广泛的重要科学和政策问题。 该项目在消除阻碍Scisip进展的数据瓶颈方面取得了很大进展。它通过将有关联邦赠款、大学、出版物、论文、专利以及新成立的高科技公司的遗留数据库整合到一个数据库中来实现这一点，该数据库具有将组织或科学家的每次出现联系起来的标识符。该项目通过开发和采用无版权和开放源码的数据替代办法，最大限度地在COMETS提供完全公开的数据。两个示范项目（a）显示了将公共数据库和特许数据库结合起来的综合数据库的概念力量和政策相关性，（B）说明了在对计算机进行压力测试时使用COMETS的情况，用于识别组织或科学家的每个外观的匹配代码。该项目的智力价值是基于概念化和实施一个非常大的连贯的综合数据库，包括国家创新从政府赠款、实验室和政策，到基础发现及其应用，再到新的商业技术，推动高科技产业的形成和转型。通过使用已经收集的用于参考、报告、营销和管理目的的公共信息，报告负担被最小化-这些不引人注目的措施不需要额外的努力，尽管为组织和科学家提供了一种机制来纠正在旧数据库内和跨旧数据库匹配记录时的任何错误。更广泛的影响：该项目对SciSIP研究产生了广泛的影响，并最终影响到经济增长和生活水平。首先，该项目为研究界提供了一个平台技术，使SciSIP研究的复杂性和可靠性实现了质的飞跃，因为知识创造可以在组织和科学家个人层面上观察到。第二，由于技术进步和教育水平的提高是决定世界发达经济体增长的两个主要因素，因此本项目促成的研究可以改善科学和创新政策，从而促进技术进步和经济增长。